Epstein-Barr Virus Seroprevalence and Primary Infection at the University Hospital Luigi Vanvitelli of Naples from 2007 to 2017

Franci, Gianluigi; Crudele, Valeria; Rocca, Maria Teresa Della; Melardo, Colombina; Chianese, Annalisa; Finamore, Emiliana; Bencivenga, Francesco; Astorri, Roberta; Vitiello, Mariateresa; Galdiero, Emilia; Galdiero, Massimiliano

doi:10.1159/000496828

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A Minnesota study reported 31% EBV prevalence among children aged 1-5 years, and a Swedish birth cohort study reported 7% prevalence by age 1 and 18% prevalence by age 2 (32,57). The higher EBV seroprevalence we observed among women differs from the majority of studies, which find no such association, although it has occasionally been reported (31)(32)(33)(34)38,58,59,60).…”

Section: 3 2020contrasting

confidence: 80%

Using blood donors and solid organ transplant donors and recipients to estimate the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus and Epstein–Barr virus in Canada: A cross-sectional study

Mabilangan

Burton

O’Brien

et al. 2020

Official Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and

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Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infections are common, causing significant morbidity in pregnancy (congenital CMV) and transplant recipients (CMV, EBV). Canadian prevalence data are needed to model disease burden and develop strategies for future vaccines. We estimated prevalence using screening data from blood donors and solid organ transplant (SOT) donors and recipients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed CMV and EBV serology from Alberta SOT donors ( n = 3,016) and recipients ( n = 4,614) (1984–2013) and Canadian Blood Services blood donors ( n = 1,253,350) (2005–2014), studying associations with age, sex, organ, year, and geographic region. Results: CMV seroprevalence rises gradually with age. By age 70, CMV seropositivity ranged from 67% (blood donors) to 73% (SOT recipients). Significant proportions of women of child-bearing age were CMV-seronegative (organ donors, 44%; SOT recipients, 43%; blood donors, 61%). Blood donor CMV seroprevalence decreased from 48% in Western Canada to 30% in Eastern Canada. Women were more likely to be CMV-seropositive (ORs = 1.58, 1.45, and 1.11 for organ donors, SOT recipients, and blood donors, respectively) and EBV-seropositive (ORs = 1.87 and 1.46 for organ donors and SOT recipients, respectively). EBV prevalence rises rapidly, and by age 17–29 years, 81% of SOT recipients and 90% of organ donors were seropositive. Conclusions: Canada has relatively low and perhaps decreasing age-specific EBV and CMV prevalence, making Canadians vulnerable to primary infection-associated morbidity and suggesting benefit from future vaccines. Collection and analysis of routine serology screening data are useful for observing trends.

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Section: 3 2020contrasting

confidence: 80%

Using blood donors and solid organ transplant donors and recipients to estimate the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus and Epstein–Barr virus in Canada: A cross-sectional study

Mabilangan

Burton

O’Brien

et al. 2020

Official Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and

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“…No significant differences were observed between male and female patients in agreement with the P. Courtright and S. K. West study [ 20 ]. On the contrary, several studies described a high incidence of ocular infections among male or female patients [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. These gender rate variations may be due to many social factors and lifestyle habits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Resistance Trends of Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Strains Isolated from Ocular Infections

et al. 2021

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Ocular bacterial infections represent a serious problem that affecting people of all age and genders. These infections can lead to visual impairment and blindness if not properly treated. The current study evaluates the antimicrobial resistance profiles and the resistance trend of both Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), the main pathogens involved in eye infections. A total of 322 isolates of S. aureus and CoNS, were collected from patients with bacterial conjunctivitis and keratitis at the “Luigi Vanvitelli” University Hospital of Campania in Naples, Italy, between 2017 and 2020. The isolated bacteria showed a high percentage of resistance to methicillin and other antibiotics commonly used for the treatment of ocular infections. Trends in antibiotic resistance were not encouraging, recording—especially among CoNS strains—an increase of more than 20% in resistance to methicillin and aminoglycosides during the study period. Instead, the resistance rates to tetracycline had a significant decrease in CoNS isolates while no changes in their susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and macrolides were observed. However, all isolates showed no resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol. In this scenario, preventive identification of the infection causative agents and the evaluation of the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns are essential to set up an ocular infection effective drug treatment and also prevent antibiotic resistance.

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“…As reported in the literature, several studies have been conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of eye drops, both in vitro and in vivo. Celenza et al examined the antifungal activity of ozone-based eye drops on different strains of Candida, finding a significant inhibition [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effect of Ophthalmic Solutions against SARS-CoV-2: A Preventive Action to Block the Viral Transmission?

et al. 2021

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In 2020, a global pandemic was declared following the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the pathogen responsible for COVID-19. The risk of infection is high due to the ease of transmission, which can occur orally, through droplets, or via contact with contaminated surfaces and objects. It has also been demonstrated that the ocular surface can constitute a transmission route, especially in hospital settings, where health care workers can become a dangerous source of infection. In order to increase prevention and reduce the spread of the virus on the ocular surface, the antiviral activity of already-marketed eye drops against SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated. Iodim, Ozodrop, Septavis, and Dropsept were tested against SARS-CoV-2 in plaque-assay experiments at different stimulation times. Furthermore, the expression levels of early and late genes were evaluated through molecular assays. Results indicated that three of the four ophthalmic solutions showed a considerable dose-dependent inhibition of viral replication, highlighting their use as potential antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 and preventing other ocular infections.

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Epstein-Barr Virus Seroprevalence and Primary Infection at the University Hospital Luigi Vanvitelli of Naples from 2007 to 2017

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Using blood donors and solid organ transplant donors and recipients to estimate the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus and Epstein–Barr virus in Canada: A cross-sectional study

Using blood donors and solid organ transplant donors and recipients to estimate the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus and Epstein–Barr virus in Canada: A cross-sectional study

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Resistance Trends of Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Strains Isolated from Ocular Infections

Inhibitory Effect of Ophthalmic Solutions against SARS-CoV-2: A Preventive Action to Block the Viral Transmission?

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