Epworth sleepiness scale in obstructive sleep disordered breathing: the reliability and validity of the Thai version

Banhiran, Wish; Assanasen, Paraya; Nopmaneejumruslers, Cherdchai; Metheetrairut, Choakchai

doi:10.1007/s11325-010-0405-9

Cited by 67 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In adults, an ESS score ≥10 is taken to indicate increased daytime sleepiness (Johns, 1991). The ESS has been previously validated in Thailand (Banhiran et al, 2011) and is widely used globally among different study populations including college students in Southeast Asia (Giri P, 2013). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian rhythm characteristics, poor sleep quality, daytime sleepiness and common psychiatric disorders among Thai college students

Haregu¹,

Gelaye²,

Pensuksan

et al. 2014

Asia-Pacific Psychiatry

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Objective To investigate the relationship between common psychiatric disorders (CPDs) and sleep characteristics (evening chronotype, poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness) among Thai college students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,970 undergraduate students in Thailand. Students were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire that collected information about lifestyle and demographic characteristics. The Horne and Ostberg Morningess-Eveningeness Questionnaire (MEQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), were used to evaluate circadian preference, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness respectively. The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) was used to evaluate presence of CPDs. Logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of CPDs in relation to the covariates of interest. Results A total of 337 students were classified as having CPDs (11.2%; 95% CI 10.1–12.3%). Evening chronotype (OR=3.35; 95% CI 2.09–5.37), poor sleep quality (OR=4.89; 95% CI 3.66–6.54) and daytime sleepiness (OR=1.95; 95% CI 1.54–2.47) were statistically significantly associated with CPDs. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that CPDs are common among Thai college students. Further, evening chronotype, poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness were strongly associated with increased risk of CPDs. These findings highlight the importance of educating students and school administrators about the importance of sleep and its impact on mental health.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian rhythm characteristics, poor sleep quality, daytime sleepiness and common psychiatric disorders among Thai college students

Haregu¹,

Gelaye²,

Pensuksan

et al. 2014

Asia-Pacific Psychiatry

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“…Other medical conditions included were congestive heart failure, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, anemia, asthma, cancer, renal disease, iron deficiency, and depression. Using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), which was recently validated to Thai language, 6 the measurement of each patient's sleepiness was obtained from pretest questionnaire. Additionally, patient reports of snoring intensity (mild, moderate, or severe) were obtained from this pretest questionnaire.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Polysomnographic and Clinical Presentations and Predictors for Cardiovascular-Related Diseases between Non-Obese and Obese Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Asians

Chirakalwasan

Teerapraipruk

Simon

et al. 2013

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

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Introduction: Unlike Caucasians, many Asians with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are non-obese but are affected by the disease due to predisposing craniofacial structure. Therefore, non-obese and obese OSA may represent different disease entities. The associated risk factors for developing cardiovascular-related diseases, consequently, may be considered separately for the two types of OSA. Method: We reviewed polysomnographic studies performed in adults (aged ≥ 18 years) diagnosed with OSA (respiratory disturbance index [RDI] ≥ 5). We divided the patients into obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25) and non-obese (BMI < 25) groups. We aimed to determine the differences between these two groups in terms of clinical presentations, polysomnographic fi ndings, and association with cardiovascular-related diseases including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and/or cerebrovascular disease. Results: Among 194 patients with OSA (RDI ≥ 5), 63.4% were non-obese and 36.6% were obese. Compared with obese OSA patients, non-obese OSA patients were noted to have smaller neck size, less prevalence of hypertension, and less history of frequent nocturia (> 3-4/week), with equal prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness. Overall, non-obese OSA patients were noted to have milder disease indicated by lower total, supine, and non-supine, NREM RDI and higher mean and nadir oxygen saturations. In the non-obese group, only total obstructive apnea index (OAI) was noted to be a predictor for developing any of the cardiovascular-related diseases after controlling for age, sex, and RDI (odds ratio = 9.7). However, in the obese OSA group, frequent snoring (> 50% of total sleep time), low sleep effi ciency (≤ 90%), and low mean oxygen saturation (< 95%) were noted to be signifi cant predictors of cardiovascular-related diseases (odds ratios = 12.3, 4.2, and 5.2, respectively). Conclusion: Among Asians, most OSA patients were not obese. Compared to obese OSA patients, non-obese OSA patients were noted to have less prevalence of hypertension and less history of nocturia. They were also noted to have overall milder OSA. Only OAI was noted to be a signifi cant predictor for cardiovascular-related disease in the non-obese OSA group. keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea, obesity Citation: Chirakalwasan N; Teerapraipruk B; Simon R; Hirunwiwatkul P; Jaimchariyatam N; Desudchit T; Charakorn N; Wanlapakorn C. Comparison of polysomnographic and clinical presentations and predictors for cardiovascular-related diseases between non-obese and obese obstructive sleep apnea among Asians. J Clin Sleep Med 2013;9(6):553-557.http://dx.doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.2748 S C I E N T I F I C I N V E S T I g A T I O N SO bstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive episodes of complete (apnea) or partial (hypopnea) upper airway obstruction occurring during sleep. These events often result in reduction in blood oxygen saturation and are usually terminated by brief arousals from sleep.1 Prior study has shown that obesity is one of the important ri...

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“…Both questionnaires were validated in the Thai language. 11,12 Nasopharyngeal adverse effects were assessed by using a modified XERO questionnaire, which included the symptoms of blocked nose, dry nose, runny nose, dry mouth, dry throat/sore throat, itchy eyes, and watery eyes. Each question was scored on a 5-point scale (0 ϭ no symptom, 5 ϭ very severe symptom).…”

Section: Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heated Humidification on CPAP Therapy Adherence in Subjects With Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Nasopharyngeal Symptoms

et al. 2016

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BACKGROUND: The addition of heated humidification to CPAP has been shown to improve nasal adverse effects in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, current data regarding improvement in CPAP adherence is conflicting. Furthermore, there are no data from a tropical climate area with a high humidity level. METHODS: In this prospective randomized crossover study conducted in Thailand, subjects with moderate to severe OSA with nasopharyngeal symptoms post-split-night study were enrolled in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive CPAP with or without heated humidification for 4 weeks and then crossed over. Information on CPAP adherence, quality of life assessed by the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire, nasopharyngeal symptoms assessed by a modified XERO questionnaire, and bedroom ambient humidity and temperature data were obtained. RESULTS: Data were collected on 20 subjects with OSA during the period of January to December 2014. Although the addition of heated humidification appeared to improve average hours of use for all days when compared with conventional CPAP, the difference was not statistically significant (CPAP with heated humidification ‫؍‬ 4.6 ؎ 1.7 h/night; conventional CPAP ‫؍‬ 4.0 ؎ 1.7 h/night, P ‫؍‬ .1). However, the addition of heated humidification improved CPAP adherence on the days of use (5.5 ؎ 1.5 h/night) compared with conventional CPAP (5.2 ؎ 1.4 h/night), P ‫؍‬ .033. Quality of life was also improved according to the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire score (median 17.6 [interquartile range 3.5]) in the heated humidification group compared with conventional CPAP group (median 17.6 [interquartile range 4.5]), P ‫؍‬ .046. Significant reduction in the dry throat/sore throat symptom was noted only when CPAP with heated humidification was used. CONCLUSIONS: Even in a tropical climate area, CPAP adherence and quality of life appeared to improve when heated humidification was employed in subjects with moderate to severe OSA with nasopharyngeal symptoms post-split-night polysomnography. The improvement may be related to a reduction in the dry throat/sore throat symptom.

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Epworth sleepiness scale in obstructive sleep disordered breathing: the reliability and validity of the Thai version

Cited by 67 publications

References 26 publications

Circadian rhythm characteristics, poor sleep quality, daytime sleepiness and common psychiatric disorders among Thai college students

Circadian rhythm characteristics, poor sleep quality, daytime sleepiness and common psychiatric disorders among Thai college students

Comparison of Polysomnographic and Clinical Presentations and Predictors for Cardiovascular-Related Diseases between Non-Obese and Obese Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Asians

Effect of Heated Humidification on CPAP Therapy Adherence in Subjects With Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Nasopharyngeal Symptoms

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