Equipping an extraterrestrial laboratory: Overview of open research questions and recommended instrumentation for the Moon

Biomedical payloads: A maturing application for CubeSats

“…Not to mention the benefits the research will bring to the space biomedical community preparing for lunar exploration and private spaceflight. To that end, the novel spacecraft developed for these purposes ([14]- [16], [18], [20]) are hoped to feature commercial payload slots available on them, possibly using CubeSat units as an international standard as is already done for commercial experiment racks on the ISS. Further promoting the credibility, commercialisation and improved development of CubeSat biomedical payloads in a positive feedback loop for the sector.…”

“…While crewed facilities benefit from human researchers being present, there have also been autonomous satellite missions to conduct biomedical studies, such as the Biosatellite, Foton, Bion, Tianzhou and ShiJian programmes as well as free-flying platforms such as LDEF and EURECA. In the future there are plans for more platforms to be added to this list, including the Lunar Gateway, ESA Space Rider, Bion M2, the newly operational Tiangong Station, SpaceTango-42, Nanorack's Outpost, Dream Chaser and sub-orbital vehicles such as those from Virgin Galactic and Blue Origin [1], [15]- [17] In the future there may even be the possibility to conduct research on the surface of other bodies in the solar system too [18]- [20].…”

Microbial biomanufacturing for space-exploration—what to take and when to make

“…Each mission-class comprises a unique set of inventory items; these may include infrastructure components (e.g., habitat assemblies and furnishing, functional hardware/appliances as well as scientific equipment and tools), transported as either pre-deployment cargo or with the crew. These components are used to assemble the larger integrated habitation and life-support systems as well as (bio-)ISM-based LC or ISRU systems and infrastructure related to mission-objectives 30 . While all such off-world mission-classes are distinct in terms of operations 4 , they serve as exemplars to better understand biomanufacturing strategies in relationship to mission-specific factors that might provide resources, crew count/needs, and logistical constraints.…”

Main Problems Using DEM Modeling to Evaluate the Loose Soil Collection by Conceptual Machine as a Background for Future Extraterrestrial Regolith Harvesting DEM Models

“…The static and dynamic friction coefficient between particles as 0.7 and between machine parts and particles as 0.3. The values used in the are the ones that are most often used by scientists in similar simulations [20,2 Total tangential stiffness in contact was also assumed. Such assumptio suited to ideal spherical shapes used in the experiment.…”

“…Apart from the legal and sociological aspects, the most important problem seems to be the supply of raw materials to the Earth's orbit and beyond. As it is very expensive to carry sources from earth, scientists, engineers and owners of commercial space companies are now looking towards the moon as a relatively cheap source of raw materials [1][2][3]. In terrestrial conditions, standard development methods of technologies intended to work in a space environment are very costly and time consuming.…”