Ergogenic and psychological effects of synchronous music during circuit-type exercise

Karageorghis, Costas I.; Priest, David-Lee; Williams, Lue; Hirani, R.M.; Lannon, K.M.; Bates, Brandon

doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.06.004

Cited by 76 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The present findings are concordant with recent findings relating to the effects of motivational and neutral music on anaerobic tasks (e.g., Karageorghis et al, 2010;Terry et al, 2012) albeit that these recent findings pertain to the synchronous application of music.…”

Section: Practical Implications Of the Present Findingssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…There was high variability in the state attention scores (see Table 2), which prevented the interaction effect from emerging as significant (p > .05). Previous studies have shown that females can derive greater benefit from music than males in affective terms (e.g., Karageorghis et al, 2010), but the present finding pertaining to attentional focus warrants further investigation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…This is an intriguing finding that requires further empirical investigation before evidence-based recommendations can be given to practitioners. The interaction of the motivational qualities of music with gender is also worthy of investigation given the condition by gender interactions reported in previous work (e.g., Anshel & Marisi, 1978;Karageorghis et al, 2010). The sport of swimming provides a novel research environment in which to explore these questions and advances in MP3 player technology have made such research possible (e.g., Tate et al, 2012).…”

Section: Rationale Purpose and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Based on a power analysis with alpha set at .05 and power at .8 (Cohen, 1988) and a large effect size (partial η 2 = 0.21; Karageorghis et al, 2010), a G*Power calculation using the SPSS option indicated that 22 participants would be required. An extra four participants were recruited in case of experimental dropout and/or deletions due to outliers.…”

Section: Stage 2: Experimental Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychological, psychophysical, and ergogenic effects of music in swimming

Karageorghis

Hutchinson

Jones

et al. 2013

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

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Highlights We assess the effects of asynchronous music in a swimming time trial. We had two contrasting music conditions and a no-music control. Participants swam significantly faster when exposed to either music condition. Both music conditions led to significantly higher state motivation. Use of asynchronous music had an ergogenic effect in the order of 2%. Music and Swimming 3 AbstractObjectives: Existing work using dry land exercise-related activities has shown that the careful application of music can lead to a range of benefits that include enhanced affect, lower perceived exertion, greater energy efficiency, and faster time trial performances. The purpose of this study was to assess the psychological, psychophysical, and ergogenic effects of asynchronous music in swimming using a mixed-methods approach.Design: A mixed-model design was employed wherein there was a within-subjects factor (two experimental conditions and a control) and a between-subjects factor (gender). The experimental component of the study was supplemented by qualitative data that were analysed using inductive content analysis.Methods: Twenty six participants (M age = 20.0 years, age range: 18-23 years) underwent a period of habituation with Speedo Aquabeat MP3 players prior to the experimental phase.They were then administered two experimental trials (motivational and oudeterous music at 130 bpm) and a no-music control, during which they engaged in a 200-m freestyle swimming time trial.Results: Participants swam significantly faster when exposed to either music condition relative to control (p = .022,  p 2 = .18). Moreover, the music conditions were associated with higher state motivation (p = .016,  p 2 = .16) and more dissociative thoughts (p = .014,  p 2 = .16). Conclusions:Findings supported the hypothesis that the use of asynchronous music during a high-intensity task can have an ergogenic effect; this was in the order of 2% when averaged out across the two experimental conditions. The use of music, regardless of its motivational qualities, resulted in higher self-reported motivation as well as more dissociative thoughts. behavior. Psychophysical effects concern the reduction of perceptions of physical effort, which, in the music-related literature, are most often assessed using ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). Ergogenic effects relate to the use of music to improve physical performance by either delaying fatigue or increasing work capacity; this results in higher-than-expected levels of endurance, power, productivity, or strength (see Terry & Karageorghis, 2011).Extant work has shown that music use is not effective for some people under certain circumstances (e.g., while learning new skills) and might even be contraindicated in some instances (e.g., when it might distract users from safety-relevant information, such as on public roads; see Karageorghis & Priest, 2012a, 2012b for a review). Also, a "vitamin model" wherein a particular piece of music can be prescribed to engender certain perceptual, cognitive, or emotion...

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Section: Practical Implications Of the Present Findingssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Section: Rationale Purpose and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Stage 2: Experimental Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Psychological, psychophysical, and ergogenic effects of music in swimming

Karageorghis

Hutchinson

Jones

et al. 2013

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Contrastingly, when music is used asynchronously, it provides background stimulation without conscious synchronisation between movement patterns and musical tempo 1 . Music has been shown previously to provide ergogenic (i.e., increased work output), psychological (e.g., enhanced emotional responses), psychophysical (i.e., reduced perceived exertion) and psychophysiological (e.g., improved oxygen consumption) effects in sport and exercise contexts [2][3][4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%