Ergonomic design and evaluation of visual coding for aircraft head-up display

Xiao, Xu; Wanyan, Xiaoru; Zhuang, Damin; Zongmin, Wei

doi:10.1109/bmei.2012.6513107

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The most important conclusion of this experiment obtaining the optimal choice of HUD key information colors against different lightness backgrounds of sky and ocean. In the flight background with brightness range [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], the color with a hue of 30 was selected for the key information. When it is almost night, visual sensitivity in the process of information search and recognition is low, and a brighter foreground color can strongly contrast with the background color, which effectively improves the pilot's cognitive performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each flight environment, the design recommendations for color coding in these four environments are given, as shown in Figure 20. Figure 20(a) shows the recommended design scheme for HUD color coding with a background with brightness range [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Based on the sky color, the basic information character color can be determined as (150, 100, 100), and the HUD key information character color is (30,100,100).…”

Section: Design Recommendation and Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In actual research, pilots have generally reported that a monochrome display was not conducive to the most effective acquisition of information in many cases. 11 Especially in cloudy high-altitude flight conditions, the contrast between the green HUD information and the white flight environment was poor, and the information was less identifiable. 12 Xu studied the color coding of abnormal messages on the HUD display interface of aircraft and found that when the background environment was set to blue sky, the green interface indicated that the effect of the warning information was inappropriate, and the effect of red was better than yellow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Xu studied the color coding of abnormal messages on the HUD display interface of aircraft and found that when the background environment was set to blue sky, the green interface indicated that the effect of the warning information was inappropriate, and the effect of red was better than yellow. 13 Shieh and Lai 14 studied color matching between foreground characters and background with different ambient brightness. It could be seen that the existing monochrome display mode had poor HUD situational awareness and could not guarantee the best dynamic and static information display effect in various complex flight environments 15 ; it was especially not conducive to warnings, anomalies, and key information prompts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Research on color coding of fighter jet head-up display key information elements in air–sea flight environment based on eye-tracking technology

Niu

Zhou

Bai

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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HUD is currently the main flight status display commonly used in modern fighter jets. Color coding is an important method in HUD visual information display. Different weather, terrain, climate, time, season, and other environmental phenomena will affect the HUD. The HUD’s multi-color display mode has become a key method to solve the overload display of dynamic and static information in complex flight environments. This paper discusses the use of eye-tracking equipment to record eye movement experimental data using different HUD color schemes, as well as the correct rate and response time to complete the task, in order to evaluate the color combinations of different characters in different high-altitude and sea flight background conditions. Cognitive status was obtained by seven key eye movement indicators (average fixation time, first fixation duration, fixation ratio, fixation time ratio, fixation track length and lookback times, and pupil diameter) designed by color-coded dimensions to evaluate the key element information of the HUD: discernibility, which is related to average fixation time, duration of first fixation, and pupil diameter; perceptibility, which is related to gaze ratio, fixation time ratio, and other indicators; and accessibility, which is related to fixation track length and number of lookbacks. At the same time, the background color brightness interval that affects color matching was obtained, and five key information colors (K1(0, 100, 100), K2(30, 100, 100), K3(300, 100, 100), K4(330, 100, 100), and K5(60, 100, 100)) were selected for experimental exploration to obtain the best matching scheme for color coding of key elements of the HUD against different lightness backgrounds. The results indicate that against a flight background with ocean brightness, ranges are [1–20], [21–40], [41–60], and [61–99] and colors with hues of 30, 300, 60, and 300 are selected for the key information. Finally, the results give an improvement and optimization plan for the HUD. The research conclusion provides some guidance for HUD design and improvement for different flight backgrounds, and a reference for improving pilots' cognitive performance.

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