ERP effects of methylphenidate and working memory load in healthy adults during a serial visual working memory task

Studer, Petra; Wangler, Susanne; Diruf, Martin; Kratz, Oliver; Moll, Gunther H.; Heinrich, Hartmut

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2010.07.030

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Another alternative could be that the more difficult (dual) task demanded more attentional resources. Previous ERP studies have shown that high cognitive (attentional) processing which is required for the encoding of visuospatial material in the presence of an increased WM load results in an increased anterior negativity (e.g., Ruchkin et al, 1995; Awh et al, 2000; Studer et al, 2010; Luu et al, 2014). Although we cannot decide between these interpretations with the present data, in either case the encoding of visuospatial material in our study should elicit an increased anterior negativity in the dual block compared with the single block.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We determined four region-of-interests (ROI) based on the previous ERP studies on WM (e.g., Kiss et al, 2007; Studer et al, 2010; Pinal et al, 2014) and manual actions (e.g., van Schie and Bekkering, 2007; Westerholz et al, 2014; Koester and Schack, 2016). These ROIs were systematically aligned across the scalp: Left-anterior (LA), right-anterior (RA), left-posterior (LP), right-posterior (RP), and each included six recording electrodes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the function, WM has been suggested to have three cognitive processes (i.e., encoding, maintenance, and retrieval) which represent distinct cognitive operations of information in WM and arise from separate neural sources (e.g., Hale et al, 1996; Geffen et al, 1997; Manoach et al, 2003; Bledowski et al, 2006; Studer et al, 2010; Pinal et al, 2014). Encoding is the process during which a stimulus is perceived and a representation of it is generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Movement Interferes with Visuospatial Working Memory during the Encoding: An ERP Study

2017

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The present study focuses on the functional interactions of cognition and manual action control. Particularly, we investigated the neurophysiological correlates of the dual-task costs of a manual-motor task (requiring grasping an object, holding it, and subsequently placing it on a target) for working memory (WM) domains (verbal and visuospatial) and processes (encoding and retrieval). Thirty participants were tested in a cognitive-motor dual-task paradigm, in which a single block (a verbal or visuospatial WM task) was compared with a dual block (concurrent performance of a WM task and a motor task). Event-related potentials (ERPs) were analyzed separately for the encoding and retrieval processes of verbal and visuospatial WM domains both in single and dual blocks. The behavioral analyses show that the motor task interfered with WM and decreased the memory performance. The performance decrease was larger for the visuospatial task compared with the verbal task, i.e., domain-specific memory costs were obtained. The ERP analyses show the domain-specific interference also at the neurophysiological level, which is further process-specific to encoding. That is, comparing the patterns of WM-related ERPs in the single block and dual block, we showed that visuospatial ERPs changed only for the encoding process when a motor task was performed at the same time. Generally, the present study provides evidence for domain- and process-specific interactions of a prepared manual-motor movement with WM (visuospatial domain during the encoding process). This study, therefore, provides an initial neurophysiological characterization of functional interactions of WM and manual actions in a cognitive-motor dual-task setting, and contributes to a better understanding of the neuro-cognitive mechanisms of motor action control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Movement Interferes with Visuospatial Working Memory during the Encoding: An ERP Study

2017

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“…This is thought to reflect an MPH-induced enhancement of attentional processes or increased recruitment of attentional resources. Other studies did not report an effect of MPH on P3 (Hink et al, 1978;Callaway, 1984;Naylor et al, 1985;Fitzpatrick et al, 1988;Hermens et al, 2007;Studer et al, 2010). An explanation offered for these findings is that MPH affects response processing, as reflected by faster responses, but that MPH does not speed stimulus evaluation processing.…”

Section: Imaging Studies On Cognitive Performance Under the Influencementioning

confidence: 98%

Cognitive effects of methylphenidate in healthy volunteers: a review of single dose studies

Linssen

Sambeth

Vuurman

et al. 2014

Int. J. Neuropsychopharm.

124

100

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Methylphenidate (MPH), a stimulant drug with dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake inhibition properties, is mainly prescribed in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, is increasingly used by the general population, intending to enhance their cognitive function. In this literature review, we aim to answer whether this is effective. We present a novel way to determine the extent to which MPH enhances cognitive performance in a certain domain. Namely, we quantify this by a percentage that reflects the number of studies showing performance enhancing effects of MPH. To evaluate whether the dose-response relationship follows an inverted-U-shaped curve, MPH effects on cognition are also quantified for low, medium and high doses, respectively. The studies reviewed here show that single doses of MPH improve cognitive performance in the healthy population in the domains of working memory (65% of included studies) and speed of processing (48%), and to a lesser extent may also improve verbal learning and memory (31%), attention and vigilance (29%) and reasoning and problem solving (18%), but does not have an effect on visual learning and memory. MPH effects are dose-dependent and the dose-response relationship differs between cognitive domains. MPH use is associated with side effects and other adverse consequences, such as potential abuse. Future studies should focus on MPH specifically to adequately asses its benefits in relation to the risks specific to this drug.

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“…For instance, some authors have reported that the P300 amplitude was larger in high load (HL) conditions than in low load (LL) conditions during information encoding (upon presentation of a sample stimulus in a DMS task) (Houlihan et al, 1998; Studer et al, 2010), while other authors have found the opposite (Morgan et al, 2008; Soria Bauser et al, 2011). Regarding information retrieval (upon presentation of the probe stimulus in a DMS task), several authors have reported lower P300 amplitude with high memory load than with low memory load (Houlihan et al, 1998; Morgan et al, 2008); however, other authors failed to find such modulation in P300 amplitude in relation to memory load (e.g., Studer et al, 2010). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of load and maintenance duration on the time course of information encoding and retrieval in working memory: from perceptual analysis to post-categorization processes

Pinal

Zurrón

Dı́az

2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Working memory (WM) involves three cognitive events: information encoding, maintenance, and retrieval; these are supported by brain activity in a network of frontal, parietal and temporal regions. Manipulation of WM load and duration of the maintenance period can modulate this activity. Although such modulations have been widely studied using the event-related potentials (ERP) technique, a precise description of the time course of brain activity during encoding and retrieval is still required. Here, we used this technique and principal component analysis to assess the time course of brain activity during encoding and retrieval in a delayed match to sample task. We also investigated the effects of memory load and duration of the maintenance period on ERP activity. Brain activity was similar during information encoding and retrieval and comprised six temporal factors, which closely matched the latency and scalp distribution of some ERP components: P1, N1, P2, N2, P300, and a slow wave. Changes in memory load modulated task performance and yielded variations in frontal lobe activation. Moreover, the P300 amplitude was smaller in the high than in the low load condition during encoding and retrieval. Conversely, the slow wave amplitude was higher in the high than in the low load condition during encoding, and the same was true for the N2 amplitude during retrieval. Thus, during encoding, memory load appears to modulate the processing resources for context updating and post-categorization processes, and during retrieval it modulates resources for stimulus classification and context updating. Besides, despite the lack of differences in task performance related to duration of the maintenance period, larger N2 amplitude and stronger activation of the left temporal lobe after long than after short maintenance periods were found during information retrieval. Thus, results regarding the duration of maintenance period were complex, and future work is required to test the time-based decay theory predictions.

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ERP effects of methylphenidate and working memory load in healthy adults during a serial visual working memory task

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Movement Interferes with Visuospatial Working Memory during the Encoding: An ERP Study

Movement Interferes with Visuospatial Working Memory during the Encoding: An ERP Study

Cognitive effects of methylphenidate in healthy volunteers: a review of single dose studies

Effects of load and maintenance duration on the time course of information encoding and retrieval in working memory: from perceptual analysis to post-categorization processes

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