Erroneous Vehicle Velocity Estimation Correction Using Anisotropic Magnetoresistive (AMR) Sensors

Abstract

Magnetic field sensors installed in the road infrastructure can be used for autonomous traffic flow parametrization. Although the main goal of such a measuring system is the recognition of the class of vehicle and classification, velocity is the essential parameter for further calculation and it must be estimated with high reliability. In-field test campaigns, during actual traffic conditions, showed that commonly accepted velocity estimation methods occasionally produce highly erroneous results. For anomaly detection, we propose a criterion and two different correction algorithms. Non-linear signal rescaling and time-based segmentation algorithms are presented and compared for faulty result mitigation. The first one consists of suppressing the highly distorted signal peaks and looking for the best match with cross-correlation. The second approach relies on signals segmentation according to the feature points and multiple cross-correlation comparisons. The proposed two algorithms are evaluated with a dataset of over 300 magnetic signatures of a vehicle from unconstraint traffic conditions. Results show that the proposed criteria highlight all greatly faulty results and that the correction algorithms reduce the maximum error by twofold, but due to the increased mean error, mitigation technics shall be used explicitly with distorted signals.

Design of Acoustic Signal for Positioning of Smart Devices

“…However, GNSS does not work well indoors due to the high attenuation and complex reflections of electromagnetic waves in buildings. To determine the location of mobile devices in an indoor environment, it is possible to use data from various supporting technologies such as WiFi [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ], Bluetooth [ 5 ], RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) [ 6 ], ZigBee [ 7 ], MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) sensors [ 8 , 9 ], UWB (Ultra-Wide Band) [ 10 , 11 ], geomagnetic field [ 12 , 13 ], LiFi (Light Fidelity) [ 14 ], and acoustic signals [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”