ERS International Congress, Madrid, 2019: highlights from the Airway Diseases, Asthma and COPD Assembly

Lahousse, Lies; Bahmer, Thomas; Cuevas-Ocaña, Sara; Flajolet, Pauline; Mathioudakis, Alexander G.; McDonnell, Melissa; Uller, Lena; Schleich, Florence; Dortas, Sérgio Duarte; Idzko, Marco; Singh, Dave; Ricciardolo, Fabio Luigi Massimo; Adcock, Ian M.; Usmani, Omar; Spanevello, Antonio; Bonvini, Sara J.

doi:10.1183/23120541.00341-2019

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 155 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…Asthma is a high prevalence chronic inflammatory pulmonary disease, the respiratory symptoms of which include cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness which leads to elevated morbidity, mortality, and disease social and economic costs (1)(2)(3). Pulmonary inflammation is the hallmark of asthma, which is driven by a Th2 immune reponse to inhaled allergens, and associated with infiltration of the bronchial mucosa with eosinophils, CD4+ T cells, macrophages and, in exacerbations and severe cases, neutrophils (4,5). Macrophages are classified into classical (M1) or alternative activation (M2a, M2b, M2c, or M2d subtypes).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Arachidonic Acid-Derived Pro-Resolving Mediators Be a New Therapeutic Strategy for Asthma Therapy?

et al. 2020

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Asthma represents one of the leading chronic diseases worldwide and causes a high global burden of death and disability. In asthmatic patients, the exacerbation and chronification of the inflammatory response are often related to a failure in the resolution phase of inflammation. We reviewed the role of the main arachidonic acid (AA) specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in the resolution of chronic lung inflammation of asthmatics. AA is metabolized by two classes of enzymes, cyclooxygenases (COX), which produce prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxanes, and lypoxygenases (LOX), which form leukotrienes and lipoxins (LXs). In asthma, two primary pro-resolving derived mediators from COXs are PGE2 and the cyclopentenone prostaglandin15-Deoxy-Delta-12,14-PGJ2 (15d-PGJ2) while from LOXs are the LXA4 and LXB4. In different models of asthma, PGE2, 15d-PGJ2, and LXs reduced lung inflammation and remodeling. Furthermore, these SPMs inhibited chemotaxis and function of several inflammatory cells involved in asthma pathogenesis, such as eosinophils, and presented an antiremodeling effect in airway epithelial, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts in vitro. In addition, PGE2, 15d-PGJ2, and LXs are all able to induce macrophage reprogramming to an alternative M2 pro-resolving phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Although PGE2 and LXA4 showed some beneficial effects in asthmatic patients, there are limitations to their clinical use, since PGE2 caused side effects, while LXA4 presented low stability. Therefore, despite the strong evidence that these AA-derived SPMs induce resolution of both inflammatory response and tissue remodeling in asthma, safer and more stable analogs must be developed for further clinical investigation of their application in asthma treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Arachidonic Acid-Derived Pro-Resolving Mediators Be a New Therapeutic Strategy for Asthma Therapy?

et al. 2020

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“…The existence of different endotypes of NCFB is related to different molecular pathways [ 5 ]. In fact, the recent advances of molecular biology technologies have allowed the determination of several markers related to NCFB endotypes (e.g., NCFB related to neutrophil dysfunction and protease-anti protease unbalance [ 6 ], neutrophil extracellular traps [ 7 ], Eosinophilic/Type 2 Inflammatory Endotype [ 8 ]). The identification of some of these subsets of patients may lead to tailored treatment (“treatable trait”) [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Patients with Bronchiectasis Have an Increased Risk of Developing Lung Cancer? A Systematic Review

Castaldo¹,

Fantin²,

Manera

et al. 2023

Life

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Background: Initial evidence supports the hypothesis that patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) have a higher risk of lung cancer. We systematically reviewed the available literature to define the characteristics of lung malignancies in patients with bronchiectasis and the characteristics of patients who develop bronchiectasis-associated lung cancer. Method: This study was performed based on the PRISMA guidelines. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Results: The frequency rates of lung cancer in patients with NCFB ranged from 0.93% to 8.0%. The incidence rate was 3.96. Cancer more frequently occurred in the elderly and males. Three studies found an overall higher risk of developing lung cancer in the NCFB population compared to the non-bronchiectasis one, and adenocarcinoma was the most frequently reported histological type. The effect of the co-existence of NCFB and COPD was unclear. Conclusions: NCFB is associated with a higher risk of developing lung cancer than individuals without NCFB. This risk is higher for males, the elderly, and smokers, whereas concomitant COPD’s effect is unclear.

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Current developments and future directions in COPD

et al. 2020

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The European Respiratory Society journals publish respiratory research and policy documents of the highest quality, offering a platform for the exchange and promotion of scientific knowledge. In this article, focusing on COPD, the third leading cause of death globally, we summarise novel research highlights focusing on the disease's underlying mechanisms, epidemiology and management, with the aim to inform and inspire respiratory clinicians and researchers.

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ERS International Congress, Madrid, 2019: highlights from the Airway Diseases, Asthma and COPD Assembly

Cited by 4 publications

References 155 publications

Could Arachidonic Acid-Derived Pro-Resolving Mediators Be a New Therapeutic Strategy for Asthma Therapy?

Could Arachidonic Acid-Derived Pro-Resolving Mediators Be a New Therapeutic Strategy for Asthma Therapy?

Do Patients with Bronchiectasis Have an Increased Risk of Developing Lung Cancer? A Systematic Review

Current developments and future directions in COPD

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