Eruptive history of Dubbi volcano, northeast Afar (Eritrea), revealed by optical and SAR image interpretation

Wiart, Pierre; Oppenheimer, Clive; Francis, P. W.

doi:10.1080/014311600210353

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Satellite RS allows us to rapidly explore volcano morphology and identify evidence of recent activity (e.g. Dubbi volcano, Ethiopia; Wiart et al 2000). The Rungwe Volcanic Province illustrates the type of information that can be retrieved from different RS datasets, including SRTM DEM, multispectral datasets and SAR interferometry.…”

Section: Rungwe Volcanic Province Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping volcanic terrain using high-resolution and 3D satellite remote sensing

Kervyn

Goossens

et al. 2007

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Most of the hazardous volcanoes, especially those in developing countries, have not been studied or regularly monitored. Moderate-to-high spatial resolution and 3D satellite remote sensing offers a low-cost route to mapping and assessing hazards at volcanoes worldwide. The capabilities of remote sensing techniques are reviewed and an update of recent developments is provided, with emphasis on low-cost data, including optical (Landsat, ASTER, SPOT, CORONA), topographic (3D ASTER, SRTM) and synthetic aperture radar data. Applications developed here illustrate capabilities of relevant remote sensing data to map hazardous volcanic terrain and derive quantitative data, focusing on mapping and monitoring of volcanic morphology. Limitations of the methods, assessment of errors and planned new sensors are also discussed.

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Section: Rungwe Volcanic Province Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping volcanic terrain using high-resolution and 3D satellite remote sensing

Kervyn

Goossens

et al. 2007

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“…Dubbi (1861) This was a globally significant eruption producing a trachyte ash cloud and perhaps pyroclastic density currents, followed after about 2 days by effusion of basaltic lava flows for perhaps 5 months (Wiart and Oppenheimer, 2000a;Wiart et al, 2000). The total erupted volume was estimated at between 1.2 and 3.6 km 3 , depending on interpretation of the age of the lava flows.…”

Section: Historically-recorded Eruptions (1800-2002)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical Volcanism and the State of Stress in the East African Rift System

et al. 2016

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Crustal extension at the East African Rift System (EARS) should, as a tectonic ideal, involve a stress field in which the direction of minimum horizontal stress is perpendicular to the rift. A volcano in such a setting should produce dykes and fissures parallel to the rift. How closely do the volcanoes of the EARS follow this? We answer this question by studying the 21 volcanoes that have erupted historically (since about 1800) and find that 7 match the (approximate) geometrical ideal. At the other 14 volcanoes the orientation of the eruptive fissures/dykes and/or the axes of the host rift segments are oblique to the ideal values. To explain the eruptions at these volcanoes we invoke local (non-plate tectonic) variations of the stress field caused by: crustal heterogeneities and anisotropies (dominated by NW structures in the Protoerozoic basement), transfer zone tectonics at the ends of offset rift segments, gravitational loading by the volcanic edifice (typically those with 1-2 km relief) and magmatic pressure in central reservoirs. We find that the more oblique volcanoes tend to have large edifices, large eruptive volumes, and evolved and mixed magmas capable of explosive behavior. Nine of the volcanoes have calderas of varying ellipticity, 6 of which are large, reservoir-collapse types mainly elongated across rift (e.g., Kone) and 3 are smaller, elongated parallel to the rift and contain active lava lakes (e.g., Erta Ale), suggesting different mechanisms of formation and stress fields. Nyamuragira is the only EARS volcano with enough sufficiently well-documented eruptions to infer its long-term dynamic behavior. Eruptions within 7 km of the volcano are of relatively short duration (<100 days), but eruptions with more distal fissures tend to have lesser obliquity and longer durations, indicating a changing stress field away from the volcano. There were major changes in long-term magma extrusion rates in 1977 (and perhaps in 2002) due to major along-rift dyking events that effectively changed the Nyamuragira stress field and the intrusion/extrusion ratios of eruptions.

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“…Principal components analysis (PCA) on both TIR and VSWIR satellite data has been successfully used to map lava flows and volcanic tephra units for individual and Abrams et al 1991Abrams et al , 1996Legeley-Padovani et al 1997;Wiart et al 2000). A PCA was performed on the Landsat and ALI datasets, but not on the Hyperion image as the latter included only 0.76-0.90 mm wavelengths.…”

Section: Principal Components Analysis (Pca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping lava flows from Nyamuragira volcano (1967–2011) with satellite data and automated classification methods

Head¹,

Maclean²,

Carn³

2013

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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The volume, location and extent of historical lava flows are important when assessing volcanic hazards, as well as the productivity or longevity of a volcanic system. We use a Landsat/Hyperion/ALI dataset and automated classification methods to map lava flows at Nyamuragira volcano in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The humid tropical climate of Nyamuragira is advantageous because its lava flows are emplaced onto heavily forested flanks, resulting in strong contrast between lava and vegetation, which contributes to efficient flow mapping. With increasing age, there is an increase in Landsat band-4 reflectance, suggesting lava flow revegetation with time. This results in a distinct spectral contrast to delineate overlapping flows emplaced *5 years apart. Areal extents of the flows are combined with published lava flow thicknesses to derive volumes. The Landsat/ Hyperion/ALI dataset is advantageous for mapping future flows quickly and inexpensively, particularly for volcano observatories where resources are limited.

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Eruptive history of Dubbi volcano, northeast Afar (Eritrea), revealed by optical and SAR image interpretation

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Mapping volcanic terrain using high-resolution and 3D satellite remote sensing

Mapping volcanic terrain using high-resolution and 3D satellite remote sensing

Historical Volcanism and the State of Stress in the East African Rift System

Mapping lava flows from Nyamuragira volcano (1967–2011) with satellite data and automated classification methods

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