Erythrocyte sedimentation in columns and the significance of esr

Woodland, Narelle; Cordatos, Katherine; Hung, Wai Tak; Reuben, A. J.; Holley, Loraine K.

doi:10.1016/s0006-355x(97)00036-x

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The measurement of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) has been widely used for over 50 years as a simple, standardized medical screening test 15–20. Although many modifications have been made to speedup the procedure,21–23 the basic operational principle is the same.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple apparatus for measuring cell settling velocity

Wang

Belovich

2010

Biotechnology Progress

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Accurate cell settling velocity determination is critical for perfusion culture using a gravity settler for cell retention. We have developed a simple apparatus (a “settling column”) for measuring settling velocity and have validated the procedure with 15‐μm polystyrene particles with known physical properties. The measured settling velocity of the polystyrene particles is within 4% of the value obtained using the traditional Stokes' law approach. The settling velocities of three hybridoma cell lines were measured, resulting in up to twofold variation among cell lines, and the values decreased as the cell culture aged. The settling velocities of the nonviable cells were 33–50% less than the corresponding viable cells. The significant variation of settling velocities among cell populations and growth phases confirms the necessity of routine measurement of this property during long‐term perfusion culture. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple apparatus for measuring cell settling velocity

Wang

Belovich

2010

Biotechnology Progress

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“…Reinhart and Nagy (24) found that albumin increased the erythrocyte sedimentation rate when added to fibrinogen and Ig but inhibited it when added to either alone. However, the sedimentation rate is an imperfect correlate of RBC aggregation; because it is affected by the shape of RBC aggregates, RBC aggregates are not visualized directly, and aggregation is measured under static, noflow conditions (36).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A synergistic effect of albumin and fibrinogen on immunoglobulin-induced red blood cell aggregation

Ben‐Ami¹,

Barshtein²,

Mardi³

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Therapeutic administration of immunoglobulins (Ig) has the potential to precipitate thrombotic events. This phenomenon may be explained by red blood cell (RBC) aggregation, which can be potentiated by Ig. The contribution of plasma albumin and fibrinogen to Ig-induced RBC aggregation is unclear. We examined RBC aggregation in three settings: 1) patients receiving therapeutic infusions of Ig; 2) patients receiving plasma supplemented in vitro with Ig; and 3) patients receiving RBC suspensions in standard buffer with varying concentrations of albumin, Ig, and fibrinogen. Ig infusion augmented aggregation of RBCs from patients with normal or high plasma levels of albumin but decreased aggregation in those with lower plasma albumin concentrations. In vitro, RBC aggregation was significantly increased only when all three components, fibrinogen, albumin, and Ig, were present at or above normal concentrations in the suspension but was unaffected when any one of the components was absent from the suspension. Our results suggest a three-way interaction among fibrinogen, Ig, and albumin that synergistically induces RBC aggregation in plasma. Understanding these interactions may help predict clinically important phenomena related to RBC aggregation, such as thrombotic complications of Ig infusion.

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“…Some of the current features of the standard ESR measurement are that there is no lower bound for the normal range, and no correction as a function of the sample hematocrit is universally recognized ( 48–51 ). Previous clinical studies have already highlighted that the lack of lower bound is related to the fact that the maximum velocity is often reached after the first hour, where the measurement is done ( 20 , 29 , 52 ). Since both time derivatives in Eq.…”

Section: Implications For Clinical Esr Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 have a different dependency with ϕ , it is now clear from our model that a simple scaling of the one time-point measurement cannot be rigorously obtained. However, if one records regularly the position of the interface over a longer period of time (

2

h, as already suggested in some protocols ( 9 , 11 , 20 , 29 )), as is now easily enabled by automation, one can extract the maximum velocity

, which scales as

( 12 ). This more detailed analysis protocol could therefore provide a lower bound for the normal range of ESR, which could be used as a clinical tool to detect rare diseases, such as neuroacanthocytosis (NAS) syndromes, which presents a significantly slower ESR ( 9 , 11 ).…”

Section: Implications For Clinical Esr Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, we derived a new equation for the delay part of our previous model for the macroscopic interface velocity ( 12 , 13 ). Therefore, the model described in the current manuscript is based on an underlying physical justification and can be applied to clinical samples without losing the details of the sedimentation onset, to which the 1-h measurement is sometimes limited ( 28 , 29 ). These fundamental findings can be used to extract more rigorous parameters, independent from the donor hematocrit, from ESR measurements in clinical context ( 28 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early stage of erythrocyte sedimentation rate test: Fracture of a high-volume-fraction gel

John,

Kaestner,

Wagner

et al. 2023

PNAS Nexus

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Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a clinical parameter used as a nonspecific marker for inflammation, and recent studies have shown that it is linked to the collapse of the gel formed by red blood cells (RBCs) at physiological hematocrits (i.e. RBC volume fraction). Previous research has suggested that the observation of a slower initial dynamics is related to the formation of fractures in the gel. Moreover, RBC gels present specific properties due to the anisotropic shape and flexibility of the RBCs. Namely, the onset of the collapse is reached earlier and the settling velocity of the gel increases with increasing attraction between the RBCs, while the gel of spherical particles shows the opposite trend. Here, we report experimental observations of the gel structure during the onset of the collapse. We suggest an equation modeling this initial process as fracturing of the gel. We demonstrate that this equation provides a model for the motion of the interface between blood plasma and the RBC gel, along the whole time span. We also observe that the increase in the attraction between the RBCs modifies the density of fractures in the gel, which explains why the gel displays an earlier onset when the aggregation energy between the RBCs increases. Our work uncovers the detailed physical mechanism underlying the ESR and provides insights into the fracture dynamics of an RBC gel. These results can improve the accuracy of clinical measurements.

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Erythrocyte sedimentation in columns and the significance of esr

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

A simple apparatus for measuring cell settling velocity

A simple apparatus for measuring cell settling velocity

A synergistic effect of albumin and fibrinogen on immunoglobulin-induced red blood cell aggregation

Early stage of erythrocyte sedimentation rate test: Fracture of a high-volume-fraction gel

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