Escherichia Coli 0157:h7 Strains Associated With Haemorrhagic Colitis in the United States Produce a Shigella Dysenteriae 1 (Shiga) Like Cytotoxin

O'Brien, A D; Lively, ThomasA; Chen, MelindaE.; Rothman, SaraW; Formal, S. B.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91987-6

Cited by 330 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…VT+ strains have also been associated with cases of haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (HUS) in Canada (Karmali et al 1983(Karmali et al ,1985 and Britain (authors' unpublished results). Further studies show that VT closely resembles 'Shiga toxin', a cytotoxin produced by strains of Shigella dysenteriae 1 (O'Brien et al 1983), and it is well documented that infections with Sh.dysenteriae 1 may lead to HUS (Koster et al 1978). The role of Shiga toxin in the pathogenesis of bacillary dysentery remains unclear since entero-invasive shigella strains lacking the ability to produce Shiga toxin can still cause bacillary dysentery (Levine et al 1973).…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia colidiarrhoea

Gross

Rowe

1985

J. Hyg.

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Ever since Escherich (1885) first isolated the organism now known asEscherichia colifrom the stools of infants, medical microbiologists have been faced with the problem of distinguishing between those strains capable of causing diarrhoea and those that are harmless gut commensals. Epidemiological investigations were greatly facilitated by the description by Kauffmann (1947) of a serotyping scheme forE. coli, and Taylor (1961) later reported that 17 0 serogroups ofE. colihad been implicated as possible causes of epidemic infantile enteritis. These infantile enteropathogenicE. coli(EPEC), having been discovered by epidemiological studies using serotyping, belonged by definition to a restricted range of serogroups. More recently it was shown that otherE. colistrains may produce enterotoxins, and these enterotoxigenicE. coli(ETEC) usually belong to particular serogroups which are different from those associated with EPEC.E. colistrains belonging to a third range of serogroups may cause an illness resembling shigella dysentery, and these may be regarded as entero-invasiveE. coli(EIEC).E. colistrains that cause diarrhoea may therefore be considered as three groups, as follows.

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Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia colidiarrhoea

Gross

Rowe

1985

J. Hyg.

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“…Smith et al (1983) also isolated phages encoding VT from a second 026 strain and from two 0128 strains. Later, VT phages were detected in strains of serotype 0 1 57 : H7 or 0 1 57 : H-isolated from patients with haemorrhagic colitis or haemolytic uraemic syndrome Smith et al, 1984). VTl-encoding phages from the serotype 026 : H11 strain H19 (phage H19J) and from strain 933 of serotype 0157 : H7 (phage 9335) were reported by O'Brien et al (1984) to be virtually identical in their morphology, pattern of fragments generated upon restriction enzyme digestion of phage DNA and phage polypeptides.…”

Section: P J G M Rietra a N D Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, it was reported that VT could be neutralized by an antiserum prepared against Shigella dysenteriae type 1 toxin and that these toxins were very similar (O'Brien et al, 1983). , however, showed that VT produced by the majority of strains of serotype 0157:H7 or 0157:H-could not be neutralized by anti-Shiga toxin and that a second Vero cytotoxin that did not cross-react immunologically with Shiga toxin was produced by these strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Vero-cytotoxin-encoding Phages from Escherichia coli of Human and Bovine Origin

Rietra¹,

Willshaw²,

Smith³

et al. 1989

Microbiology

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Phages encoding production of Vero cytotoxins VT1 or VT2 were isolated from strains of Escherichia coli of human and bovine origin. Two human strains of serotype 0 1 57 : H7 produced both VT1 and VT2 and each carried two separate phages encoding either VT1 or VT2. The phages were morphologically similar to each other and to a VT2 phage previously isolated from a strain of serotype 0157 : H-; all had regular hexagonal heads and short tails. The phages had similar genome sizes and DNA hybridization and restriction enzyme digestion showed that the DNAs were very closely related. This contrasts with another report that one of the strains tested (933) released two clearly distinguishable phages separately encoding VTl and VT2. The 0157 phages differed from a VT1 phage isolated from a bovine E. coli strain belonging to serotype 026 : H11 and from the reference VT1 phage isolated previously from a human strain, H19, of serotype 026 : H 1 1. The two 026 phages were morphologically similar with elongated heads and long tails. They had similar genome sizes and DNA hybridization indicated a high level of homology between them. Hybridization of an 0157 phage DNA probe to DNA of the 026 phages, and vice versa, showed there was some cross-hybridization between the two types of phage. A phage from a bovine strain of serotype 029 : H34 had a regular hexagonal head and short tail resembling those of the 0157 phages. The DNA was distinguishable from that of all the other phages tested in restriction digest patterns but hybridized significantly to that of an 0157 phage. Hybridization of the phage genomes with VTl and VT2 gene probes showed that sequences encoding these toxins were highly conserved in the different phages from strains belonging to the three serogroups.

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“…a toxin of Escherichia coli, was first reported by Konowalchuk and colleagues [1]. Subsequent studies have shown that V'T is antigenically and biochemically related to Shiga toxin of Shigella dysenteriae [2] and has also been called Shiga-like toxin (SLT). The V,Ts of E. coli are heterogeneous, two major groups being recognized, namely VT1 (SLTI) and VT2 (SLTII) [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The V,Ts of E. coli are heterogeneous, two major groups being recognized, namely VT1 (SLTI) and VT2 (SLTII) [3]. Vero [2,4,5] and the haemolytic uraemic syndrome in man [6,7], and also of pig oedema disease [8]. More tentative associations have been made between VTEC and diarrhoea in calves [9], piglets [10] and cats [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal study of Vero cytotoxin producing Escherichia coli in cattle calves in Sri Lanka

Tokhi

Peiris

Scotland³

et al. 1993

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMIMIMARYTwo cohorts of 10 and 16 calves were followed at weekly or fortnightly intervals from 4-28 and 1-9 weeks respectively to determine whether natural infection by and an untvpable strain (0 ?.H21) were identified. All strains belonging to the samne serotype had identical profiles of reactivity with DNA probes to toxins VT1 or 2, LTI or II and a probe (CVD419) derived from a plasmid carried by enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli 0 157 . H7. Four of these serotypes were found in the faecal flora of the calves, taken as a group, throughout the 4-month study period.Sixty-percent of the strains hybridized with the probe for VT1, 4 % with the probe for V'T2, and 360% with both probes. Faecal V'TEC were significantly associated with overt diarrhoeal illness in animals < 10 weeks of age. but no characteristic profile of markers (serotype or hybridization pattern) in E. coli isolates was associated with diarrhoea. A serological response to VT1 wAas detected in some animnals, but faecal V-T1 V'TEC exeretion persisted in spite of seroconversion. VT1 seroconversion wNas not associated with diarrhoea. A serological response to NVT2 wras not detected even in those animals excreting VrT2 V'TEC in the faeces.

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Escherichia Coli 0157:h7 Strains Associated With Haemorrhagic Colitis in the United States Produce a Shigella Dysenteriae 1 (Shiga) Like Cytotoxin

Cited by 330 publications

References 9 publications

Escherichia colidiarrhoea

Escherichia colidiarrhoea

Comparison of Vero-cytotoxin-encoding Phages from Escherichia coli of Human and Bovine Origin

A longitudinal study of Vero cytotoxin producing Escherichia coli in cattle calves in Sri Lanka

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