ESO imaging survey

Arnouts, S.; Vandame, B.; Benoist, Christophe; Groenewegen, M. A. T.; Costa, L. N. da; Schirmer, M.; Mignani, Roberto; Slijkhuis, R.; Hatziminaoglou, E.; Hook, R. N.; Madejsky, R.; Rité, C.; Wicenec, A.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20011341

Cited by 160 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…1 and 1. 0 and reach a 5σ limiting magnitude, as measured within a 2 × FWHM aperture, of 26.0 and 25.7 for U and U, respectively (Arnouts et al 2001). We used release DPS_2.0 (7 Mar.…”

Section: Optical and Nir Observations And Photometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

GMASS ultradeep spectroscopy of galaxies atz ~ 2

Kurk

Cimatti

Daddi

et al. 2012

A&A

112

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Context. Ultra-deep imaging of small parts of the sky has revealed many populations of distant galaxies, providing insight into the early stages of galaxy evolution. Spectroscopic follow-up has mostly targeted galaxies with strong emission lines at z > 2 or concentrated on galaxies at z < 1. Aims. The populations of both quiescent and actively star-forming galaxies at 1 < z < 2 are still under-represented in our general census of galaxies throughout the history of the Universe. In the light of galaxy formation models, however, the evolution of galaxies at these redshifts is of pivotal importance and merits further investigation. In addition, photometry provides only limited clues about the nature and evolutionary status of these galaxies.We therefore designed a spectroscopic observing campaign of a sample of both massive, quiescent and star-forming galaxies at z > 1.4. Methods. To determine redshifts and physical properties, such as metallicity, dust content, dynamical masses, and star formation history, we performed ultra-deep spectroscopy with the red-sensitive optical spectrograph FORS2 at the Very Large Telescope. We first constructed a sample of objects, within the CDFS/GOODS area, detected at 4.5 μm, to be sensitive to stellar mass rather than star formation intensity. The spectroscopic targets were selected with a photometric redshift constraint (z > 1.4) and magnitude constraints (B AB < 26, I AB < 26.5), which should ensure that these are faint, distant, and fairly massive galaxies. Results. We present the sample selection, survey design, observations, data reduction, and spectroscopic redshifts. Up to 30 h of spectroscopy of 174 spectroscopic targets and 70 additional objects enabled us to determine 210 redshifts, of which 145 are at z > 1.4. The redshift distribution is clearly inhomogeneous with several pronounced redshift peaks. From the redshifts and photometry, we deduce that the BzK selection criteria are efficient (82%) and suffer low contamination (11%). Several papers based on the GMASS survey show its value for studies of galaxy formation and evolution. We publicly release the redshifts and reduced spectra. In combination with existing and on-going additional observations in CDFS/GOODS, this data set provides a legacy for future studies of distant galaxies.

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“…1 and 1. 0 and reach a 5σ limiting magnitude, as measured within a 2 × FWHM aperture, of 26.0 and 25.7 for U and U, respectively (Arnouts et al 2001). We used release DPS_2.0 (7 Mar.…”

Section: Optical and Nir Observations And Photometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

GMASS ultradeep spectroscopy of galaxies atz ~ 2

Kurk

Cimatti

Daddi

et al. 2012

A&A

112

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“…The combined R-band data cover a 13<6 Â 13<6 field to limiting magnitudes between 26 and 26.7. In the CDF-S area not covered by FORS mosaics, we used shallower data from the ESO Imaging Survey (EIS; Arnouts et al 2001). The optical identification process is described in Tozzi et al (2001) and Giacconi et al (2001).…”

Section: X-ray Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the Large‐Scale Structure in theChandraDeep Field South

Gilli

Cimatti

Daddi

et al. 2003

ApJ

165

220

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We report the discovery of large-scale structures of X-ray sources in the 1 Ms observation of the Chandra Deep Field South. Two main structures appear as narrow (Dzd0:02) spikes in the source redshift distribution at z ¼ 0:67 and 0.73, respectively. Their angular distribution spans a region at least $17 0 wide, corresponding to a physical size of 7:3 h À1 70 Mpc at a redshift of z $ 0:7 ( m ¼ 0:3, Ã ¼ 0:7). These spikes are populated by 19 sources each, which are mainly identified as active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Two sources in each spike are extended in X-rays, corresponding to galaxy groups/clusters embedded in larger structures. The X-ray source redshift distribution shows other spikes, the most remarkable at z ¼ 1:04, 1.62, and 2.57. This is one of the first evidences for large-scale structure traced by X-ray sources and for spatial clustering of X-ray-selected AGNs. The X-ray data have been complemented with the spectroscopic data from the K20 near-infrared survey (Cimatti et al.), which covers $1/10 of the X-ray field. In this survey, too, the source redshift distribution shows several spikes. Two narrow structures at z ¼ 0:67 and 0.73 (again with Dz $ 0:02) are the most significant features, containing 24 and 47 galaxies, respectively. While the K20 structure at z ¼ 0:73 is dominated by a standard galaxy cluster with a significant concentration around a central cD galaxy and morphological segregation, the galaxies at z ¼ 0:67 constitute a loose structure rather uniformly distributed along the K20 field. Moreover, we find a very good correlation (almost one-to-one) between less prominent peaks detected in the redshift distributions of X-ray and K20 sources. In particular, at z < 1:3 we find that five out of the six more significant K20 peaks have a corresponding peak in the X-ray-selected sources and, similarly, all five X-ray peaks below that redshift have a corresponding K20 peak. Since the K20 survey sensitivity drops beyond z $ 1:3, structures at higher redshift are traced only by the X-ray sources. This correlation suggests that AGNs (from the X-ray data) and (early-type) galaxies (from the K20 survey) are tracing the same underlying structures. We also compared the X-ray and K-band catalogs to search for enhanced X-ray activity in the sources in the two main redshift spikes. While in the structure at z ¼ 0:73 the fraction of X-ray sources is the same as in the field, in the structure at z ¼ 0:67 it is higher by a factor of $2, suggesting that X-ray activity may be triggered preferentially in the structure at z ¼ 0:67. Given the limited statistics, this result is significant only at the $2 level.

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“…Data were taken for the GOODS project (Giavalisco et al 2004), the COMBO-17 survey (Wolf et al 2004), and the ESO-Imaging-Survey (EIS) (Arnouts et al 2001). All these data are available from the ESO archive.…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Erben et al (ESO Press Photos 02a-d/03) have produced very deep images in BVR with a field-of-view of 34 × 33 using the Bonn WFI reduction pipeline (Schirmer et al 2003;Erben et al 2005). Additionally, U-and I-band images were published by the EIS-team (Arnouts et al 2001). Their properties are summarised in Table 1 1 .…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GaBoDS: the Garching-Bonn Deep Survey

Hildebrandt¹,

Bomans

Erben³

et al. 2005

A&A

Self Cite

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We present first results of our search for high-redshift galaxies in deep CCD mosaic images. As a pilot study for a larger survey, very deep images of the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS), taken with WFI@MPG/ESO2.2m, are used to select large samples of 1070 U-band and 565 B-band dropouts with the Lyman-break method. The data of these Lyman-break galaxies are made public as an electronic table. These objects are good candidates for galaxies at z ∼ 3 and z ∼ 4 which is supported by their photometric redshifts. The distributions of apparent magnitudes and the clustering properties of the two populations are analysed, and they show good agreement to earlier studies. We see no evolution in the comoving clustering scale length from z ∼ 3 to z ∼ 4. The techniques presented here will be applied to a much larger sample of U-dropouts from the whole survey in near future.

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ESO imaging survey

Cited by 160 publications

References 17 publications

GMASS ultradeep spectroscopy of galaxies atz ~ 2

GMASS ultradeep spectroscopy of galaxies atz ~ 2

Tracing the Large‐Scale Structure in theChandraDeep Field South

GaBoDS: the Garching-Bonn Deep Survey

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