ESR identification of irradiated antibiotics: cephalosporins

Preliminary thermoluminescence investigation of commercial pharmaceutical glass containers towards the sterilization dosimetry of liquid drugs

“…Since exposure of drugs to ionizing radiation may lead to its degradation, putting in jeopardy the health of the consumer (Onori et al, 1996), there is a need to establish a method to identify irradiated drugs. At the same time, such a method would also measure the dose applied, allowing the in-situ evaluation of the radiation sterilization process and the actual radiation absorbed by each preparation through a mass of packed products.…”

“…3 Towards this respect, several studies have been conducted (e.g. Onori et al, 1996;Basly et al, 1997;Gibella et al, 2000;Raffi et al, 2002;Polat and Korkmaz, 2006;JuarezCalderon, 2009;Aleksieva and Yordanov, 2012), which used electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to detect irradiated solid-state drugs. In the same respect, only few employed Thermoluminescence for the study of solid-state irradiated drugs (e.g.…”

Ionizing Radiation Induced Radicals

“…Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy appears to be well suited for determination of free radical concentrations in complex media and so, it can be used to detect and distinguish between irradiated drugs from unirradiated ones (Gibella et al, 1993;Signoretti et al, 1994;Miyazaki et al, 1994;Onori et al, 1996). As a cephalosporin antibiotic, duricef is used in the treatment of nose, throat, urinary tract and skin infection that are caused by specific bacteria, including staph strep and E. coli, effects of gamma radiation on cephalosporins with various substitutive groups have been reported in different papers (Miyazaki et al, 1994;Onori et al, 1996;Jacobs, 1983;Yũrũs and Korkmaz, 2005;Gibella et al, 2000), but low-and high-temperature kinetic features, structure and activation energies of the radical species involved in the formation of their ESR spectra were investigated in none of these papers, except of few published work (Yũrũs, S and Korkmaz, M., 2005). Eleven of the studied cephalosporins with various substitutive groups have been shown to exhibit, interestingly ESR spectra of unresolved doublet appearence (Onori et al, 1996;Yũrũs and Korkmaz, 2005).…”

“…As a cephalosporin antibiotic, duricef is used in the treatment of nose, throat, urinary tract and skin infection that are caused by specific bacteria, including staph strep and E. coli, effects of gamma radiation on cephalosporins with various substitutive groups have been reported in different papers (Miyazaki et al, 1994;Onori et al, 1996;Jacobs, 1983;Yũrũs and Korkmaz, 2005;Gibella et al, 2000), but low-and high-temperature kinetic features, structure and activation energies of the radical species involved in the formation of their ESR spectra were investigated in none of these papers, except of few published work (Yũrũs, S and Korkmaz, M., 2005). Eleven of the studied cephalosporins with various substitutive groups have been shown to exhibit, interestingly ESR spectra of unresolved doublet appearence (Onori et al, 1996;Yũrũs and Korkmaz, 2005). This conlusion was considered as an indication relevant to the origin of radicalic species produced in irradiated cephalosporins.…”

Study on gamma and electron beam sterilization of third generation cephalosporins cefdinir and cefixime in solid state

“…The free radical species formed might offer some information on mechanism of degradation, as they have fairly large lifetime in solid samples (Onori et al, 1996). The unirradiated drug samples were ESR silent.…”