Essential Oil Hydrodistillation Process from Vietnamese Calamondin (Citrus microcarpa) Peels and GC/MS Analysis of Essential Oils Components

Abstract

The essential oil of Citrus microcarpa peels was applied in many fields, and the methods to improve the efficiency of citrus exploitation were increasingly concerned. In this study, citrus essential oil was extracted from calamondin by hydrodistillation. This study was carried out to investigate the factors affecting the distillation of essential oils. The highest performance of the distillation process was 2.45 % with optimal conditions (material-water ratio of 1:3 g/mL, time of 2 h, the temperature of 120 ºC). Moreover, calamondin (Citrus microcarpa) peels oil extract was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The primary compound of calamondin essential oil include limonene 96.925 %, β-myrcene 1.424 %, 1R-α-pinene 0.561 %, cyclohexene 0.343 %, 1R-α-pinene 0.561 % and β-cubebene 0.598 %.

Optimization of hydrodistillation extraction using response surface methodology and Chemical composition of essential oil from Moroccan endemic medicinal plant Ballota hirsuta

“…They are volatile metabolites through which plants exhibit important ecological functions related to interactions within and between species, such as resistance to pathogens and pests and attraction to pollinators (Isah 2019; Liu and Brettell 2019) Chemically, EOs are a mixture of phytochemical components, including terpenic hydrocarbons and their oxygenated terpenoid derivatives, which may produce characteristic odors (Moghaddam and Mehdizadeh 2017). There are several wellknown methods of extracting EOs, but the most common is hydrodistillation (HD) due to its simplicity of implementation and low cost; however, many factors in uence the extraction yield which requires optimization of the process parameters to maximize the extraction of essential oils (Quyen et al 2019 Botanically, Ballota hirsuta Benth., is a perennial subshrub characterized by hairy and woody stems 24 to 60 cm tall (Dadach and Mehdadi 2018). The leaves are opposite, oval or rounded, dentate-crenate with strong ribs; the upper leaves are sessile while the lower ones are heart-shaped or truncated at the base.…”

Pomelo (<i>Citrus grandis</i> L.) Essential Oil Extraction: A Comparison between Hydrodistillation and Microwave Assisted Hydrodistillation

“…Essential oils are sources of raw materials derived from natural plants, which are more and more noticed and favored by humans. Many studies show that essential oils of pods from family citrus have many effects in the field of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”