Essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum (Linnaeus, 1753) as anesthetic for Lophiosilurus alexandri: Induction, recovery, hematology, biochemistry and oxidative stress

Boaventura, Túlio Pacheco; Souza, Carine F.; Ferreira, Andre Lima; Favero, Gisele Cristina; Baldissera, Matheus D.; Heinzmann, Berta Maria; Baldisserotto, Bernardo; Luz, Ronald Kennedy

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735676

Cited by 40 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…This group of fish exhibited a longer persistence of stress, as the fish had significantly elevated levels of plasma cortisol and glucose, 24 h after transportation. The present results are in agreement with previous studies that showed super‐optimal/suboptimal concentrations of anaesthetics intensified stress during fish transportation (Benovit et al, 2012; Boaventura et al, 2020; Toni et al, 2015). Overall, transportation induced a transient stress response in fish that was suppressed by addition of 5 mg/L thymol, but intensified by addition of 10 mg/L thymol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Biochemical responses of common carp, Cyprinus carpio , to transportation in plastic bags using thymol as a sedative agent

Mirzargar

Mirghaed

Hoseini

et al. 2021

Aquaculture Research

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The present study aimed at assessing the effects of addition of thymol [0 (T0), 2.5 mg/L (T2.5), 5 mg/L (T5) and 10 mg/L (T10)] to water on biochemical and antioxidant responses of common carp, Cyprinus carpio, during 3-h transportation. The lowest dissolved oxygen and ammonia levels after transportation were related to T2.5 and T5 treatments respectively. T5 treatment exhibited lower cortisol/glucose responses after transportation and 24 h after that, whereas T2.5 and T10 exhibited elevations in these parameters at the same times. Hyperammonaemia and hyperchloraemia were observed in T2.5 treatment immediately after transportation, but such changes were observed in all treatments, 24 h after transportation. Addition of 10 mg/L thymol to water prevented uraemia after transportation, but all thymoltreated fish exhibited uraemia, 24 h after transportation. Thymol treatment failed to mitigate lactate elevation immediately after transportation; nevertheless, T2.5 and T10 had, respectively, the lowest and highest lactate levels, 24 h after transportation.T5 treatment inhibited alteration in superoxide dismutase activity, immediately after transportation, and T10 exhibited a similar effect, 24 h after transportation. Addition of 2.5 mg/L thymol to water significantly increased catalase activity immediately after transportation, but such a response was observed in all treatments, 24 h after transportation. T2.5 and T10 exhibited higher malondialdehyde levels than T0 immediately after transportation, but such a response was observed in all thymol-treated fish, 24 h after transportation. In conclusion, addition of 5 mg/L thymol is beneficial in reducing water ammonia concentration and stress in carp during transportation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Biochemical responses of common carp, Cyprinus carpio , to transportation in plastic bags using thymol as a sedative agent

Mirzargar

Mirghaed

Hoseini

et al. 2021

Aquaculture Research

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“…The responses of the antioxidant enzymes are time‐dependent and such inconsistencies in the responses might be due to the sampling time (only after anesthesia). In this regard, Boaventura et al (2020) have found time‐dependency and variable responses of the antioxidant enzymes to different concentrations of essential oil of O. gratissimum . Previous studies have followed anesthesia protocols different than what was used in the present study, making it hard to compare and interpret the present results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on this topic provided variable results. For example, Boaventura et al (2020) found no change in lipid peroxidation, decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), and increase in glutathione‐ S ‐transferase activities in Lophiosilurus alexandri , anesthetized by essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum ; such changes were observed at low (10 µl/L), not high (90 µl/L) anesthetic concentration. It has been demonstrated that essential oils from different chemotypes of Lippia alba affect the antioxidant system of a fish in different ways, as linalool‐rich oil created less oxidative effects than citral‐rich one (de Freitas Souza et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anesthesia of rainbow trout with citronellal: Efficacy and biochemical effects

et al. 2021

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The aim of this study was to assess the anesthetic efficacy and biochemical effects of citronellal on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The fish were exposed to 200–800 µl/L citronellal to find the anesthesia induction and recovery times. The deep anesthesia stage was reached within 117–613 s, using 800–200 µl/L citronellal, respectively, and all fish recovered within 240–420 s. To assess biochemical responses, the fish were exposed to 200, 400, 600, and 800 µl/L of citronellal and blood‐sampled after deep anesthesia. The results showed that anesthesia led to significant elevations in blood erythrocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, plasma lactate, and lactate dehydrogenase; these parameters exhibited increasing trends as citronellal concentration increased. These results along with significantly higher plasma lysozyme activity, cortisol, and glucose levels in 200 µl/L treatment suggest that an increase in citronellal concentration significantly mitigates hypoxia/stress responses in the fish. Significant elevations in plasma alkaline phosphatase activity and malondialdehyde level were observed in the 200 µl/L treatment, which suggests induction of hemolysis and oxidative stress in this treatment. There was a tendency to higher ammonia levels along with the increase in citronellal concentration, which might be due to early ammonia accumulation because of lower opercular movement in the fish. Except for blood hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume, there were no significant differences between the 600 and 800 µl/L citronellal treatments. In conclusion, high concentrations of citronellal are more suitable for trout anesthesia and blood sampling than low concentrations. Based on the present study, 600–800 µl/L citronellal is recommended for trout anesthesia.

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“…Several studies have been conducted in order to evaluate essential oils for use as anaesthetics and sedatives for native fish grown in Brazil, with emphasis on species such as C. macropomum (tambaqui) (Barbas, Hamoy, et al, 2017;Barbas, Maltez, et al, 2017;Batista et al, 2018;Brandão et al, 2021;Souza, Peret, et al, 2019), B. amazonicus (matrinxã) (Ribeiro et al, 2016), Lophiosilurus alexandri (pacamã) (Boaventura et al, 2020), P. mesopotamicus (pacu) (Ventura et al, 2019), P. mesopotamicus × C. macropomum (tambacu) (Sena et al, 2016), Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum (cachara) (Silva, Martins, et al, 2020), Serrasalmus rhombeus (black piranha) (Almeida et al, 2018) and R. quelen (jundiá) (Becker et al, 2018;Silva et al, 2021;Spanghero et al, 2019), among others.…”

Section: Us E Of E Ss Ential Oil S For Anae S the S Ia Of Native B R A Zilian Fis Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the fish species L. alexandri , anaesthesia was induced with O. gratissimum in concentrations of 90 and 150 mg L −1 , and induced anaesthesia occurred in <3 min and recovery time was <5 min. The use of 90 mg L −1 prevented higher levels of plasma glucose and cortisol one hour after handling (Boaventura et al, 2020). Silva et al (2012) reported that the anaesthetic activity of the essential oil of O. gratissimum is related to the benzodiazepine site of the GABA A receptor.…”

Section: Use Of Essential Oils For Anaesthesia Of Native Brazilian Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential oils as anaesthetics and sedatives in native Brazilian fish, with a special emphasis on Colossoma macropomum : A review

Brandão

Souza

Sebastião

et al. 2021

Aquaculture Research

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Aquaculture remains in full development around the world and is still considered to be the sector with the highest growth in comparison with other food production sectors. Global aquaculture production was 110.2 million tonnes in 2016, and of this total 54.1 million tonnes were fish (FAO, 2018). In Brazil, the scenario is not so different; fish production reached 758,006 tonnes in 2019, and tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) continued to hold first place with a production of 432.149 tonnes (Peixe BR, 2020). The production of native fish, such

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Essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum (Linnaeus, 1753) as anesthetic for Lophiosilurus alexandri: Induction, recovery, hematology, biochemistry and oxidative stress

Cited by 40 publications

References 69 publications

Biochemical responses of common carp, Cyprinus carpio , to transportation in plastic bags using thymol as a sedative agent

Biochemical responses of common carp, Cyprinus carpio , to transportation in plastic bags using thymol as a sedative agent

Anesthesia of rainbow trout with citronellal: Efficacy and biochemical effects

Essential oils as anaesthetics and sedatives in native Brazilian fish, with a special emphasis on Colossoma macropomum : A review

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