Essential Oils and Anxiolytic Aromatherapy

Setzer, William N.

doi:10.1177/1934578x0900400928

Cited by 123 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…Roses, lavender (lavandula), bergamot, oranges, and lemons, etc, are examples of essential aromatic oils that are commonly used to relieve anxiety, stress, and depression (29). Several studies that examined the effect of rose scents have obtained results similar to our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Aromatherapy on Anxiety in Patients

Barati¹,

Nasiri²,

Akbari³

et al. 2016

Nephrourol Mon

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BackgroundAnxiety is the most common mental disorder in end-stage renal disease patients. The use of aromatherapy as a treatment for anxiety has increased substantially in most countries.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effect of inhaling rose water aromatherapy on anxiety in hemodialysis patients.MethodsThis randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out in the hemodialysis ward of Birjand Vali-Asr hospital on 46 patients who were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The standard state-trait anxiety inventory of Spielberger was used to investigate the anxiety level of the samples. The experimental group inhaled rose water for 4 weeks, but the control group did not undergo any intervention. At the end of week 2 and week 4, the participants’ anxiety was measured, and the results were statistically analyzed.ResultsMean scores of state and trait anxiety in the experimental group before intervention were 47/47 ± 7/6 and 49/56 ± 13/8, respectively; those after week 4 following the intervention were reduced to 37/1 ± 6/5 and 42/9 ± 10/1; inhalation of rose water fragrance in the experimental group caused a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in the state and trait anxiety levels compared with controls (P = 0.43).ConclusionsAccording to the present study, rose water noticeably reduces the anxiety of hemodialysis patients. Therefore, inhalation of rose water can improve the patient’s emotional and spiritual condition during hemodialysis treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Aromatherapy on Anxiety in Patients

Barati¹,

Nasiri²,

Akbari³

et al. 2016

Nephrourol Mon

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“…Chamomile preparations have made inroads in the treatment of human ailments such as hay fever, inflammation, muscle spasms, menstrual disorders, insomnia, ulcers, wounds, gastrointestinal disorders, rheumatic pain, and hemorrhoids. In cosmetics and aromatherapy, it is employed for its anxiolytic properties [63,64] .…”

Section: Roman Chamomilementioning

confidence: 99%

Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review

Ali

Al-Wabel

Shams³

et al. 2015

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

870

476

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A B S T R A C TNowadays, use of alternative and complementary therapies with mainstream medicine has gained the momentum. Aromatherapy is one of the complementary therapies which use essential oils as the major therapeutic agents to treat several diseases. The essential or volatile oils are extracted from the flowers, barks, stem, leaves, roots, fruits and other parts of the plant by various methods. It came into existence after the scientists deciphered the antiseptic and skin permeability properties of essential oils. Inhalation, local application and baths are the major methods used in aromatherapy that utilize these oils to penetrate the human skin surface with marked aura. Once the oils are in the system, they remodulate themselves and work in a friendly manner at the site of malfunction or at the affected area. This type of therapy utilizes various permutation and combinations to get relief from numerous ailments like depression, indigestion, headache, insomnia, muscular pain, respiratory problems, skin ailments, swollen joints, urine associated complications etc. The essential oils are found to be more beneficial when other aspects of life and diet are given due consideration. This review explores the information available in the literature regarding therapeutic, medical, cosmetic, psychological, olfactory, massage aromatherapy, safety issues and different plants used in aromatherapy.

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“…Lavender is mainly employed in aromatherapy treatments including inhalation, aromatherapy massage, dripping oil and bathing. Previous studies suggest that lavender has anxiolytic, mood stabilizer, sedative, analgesic and other neuroprotective properties [96]. Diego et al [9] assessed the influence of lavender and rosemary on EEG activity, alertness, and mood.…”

Section: Effect Of Inhalation Of Fragrance On Eeg Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Fragrances on Human Psychophysiological Activity: With Special Reference to Human Electroencephalographic Response

2016

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The influence of fragrances such as perfumes and room fresheners on the psychophysiological activities of humans has been known for a long time, and its significance is gradually increasing in the medicinal and cosmetic industries. A fragrance consists of volatile chemicals with a molecular weight of less than 300 Da that humans perceive through the olfactory system. In humans, about 300 active olfactory receptor genes are devoted to detecting thousands of different fragrance molecules through a large family of olfactory receptors of a diverse protein sequence. The sense of smell plays an important role in the physiological effects of mood, stress, and working capacity. Electrophysiological studies have revealed that various fragrances affected spontaneous brain activities and cognitive functions, which are measured by an electroencephalograph (EEG). The EEG is a good temporal measure of responses in the central nervous system and it provides information about the physiological state of the brain both in health and disease. The EEG power spectrum is classified into different frequency bands such as delta (0.5–4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–13 Hz), beta (13–30 Hz) and gamma (30–50 Hz), and each band is correlated with different features of brain states. A quantitative EEG uses computer software to provide the topographic mapping of the brain activity in frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital brain regions. It is well known that decreases of alpha and beta activities and increases of delta and theta activities are associated with brain pathology and general cognitive decline. In the last few decades, many scientific studies were conducted to investigate the effect of inhalation of aroma on human brain functions. The studies have suggested a significant role for olfactory stimulation in the alteration of cognition, mood, and social behavior. This review aims to evaluate the available literature regarding the influence of fragrances on the psychophysiological activities of humans with special reference to EEG changes.

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Essential Oils and Anxiolytic Aromatherapy

Cited by 123 publications

References 163 publications

The Effect of Aromatherapy on Anxiety in Patients

The Effect of Aromatherapy on Anxiety in Patients

Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review

Influence of Fragrances on Human Psychophysiological Activity: With Special Reference to Human Electroencephalographic Response

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