Establishment of stem cell identity in theDrosophila germline

Bhat, Krishna Moorthi; Schedl, Paul

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0177(199712)210:4<371::aid-aja2>3.0.co;2-d

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…GSCs develop from the anterior PGCs that are adjacent to TFs/cap cells Even though previous studies suggest that some of the PGCs develop into GSCs while the rest differentiate during the early pupal stage (King, 1970;Bhat and Schedl, 1997), it remains unclear how PGCs are selected to develop into GSCs. To answer this question, we examined the expression of bag of marbles (bam) in the female gonads at the stages from late third instar larvae to early pupae using a bam-green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene (GFP expression controlled by the bam promoter).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the primitive female gonads before the pupal stage, PGCs appear to undergo symmetric division to generate germ cells with the identical pre-stem cell fate. Several studies suggest that GSCs were established at the early pupal stage (Bhat and Schedl, 1997;Song et al, 2002). At the early pupal stage, there are 136 germ cells on average in each gonad.…”

Section: Positional Information Helps Select Stem Cells From Gsc Precmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have recently shown that adherens junctions establish between cap cells and newly formed GSCs during early pupation (Song et al, 2002). A genetic study suggests that the establishment of GSCs takes place during the early pupal stage (Bhat and Schedl, 1997). As there are more PGCs than needed for the formation of 12-16 ovarioles, each of which contains two or three GSCs, it has been proposed that the extra PGCs directly enter the germ cell differentiation pathway without passing through the stem cell stage (King, 1970;Bhat and Schedl, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A genetic study suggests that the establishment of GSCs takes place during the early pupal stage (Bhat and Schedl, 1997). As there are more PGCs than needed for the formation of 12-16 ovarioles, each of which contains two or three GSCs, it has been proposed that the extra PGCs directly enter the germ cell differentiation pathway without passing through the stem cell stage (King, 1970;Bhat and Schedl, 1997). However, nothing is known about how PGCs are selected to become GSCs or to differentiate directly, or how the selected PGCs populate the niche.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clonal expansion of ovarian germline stem cells during niche formation inDrosophila

2003

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Positional Information Helps Select Stem Cells From Gsc Precmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Clonal expansion of ovarian germline stem cells during niche formation inDrosophila

2003

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“…At the end of larval development, pole cells stop proliferating and the first signs of oogenic differentiation are observed (King, 1970;Lin and Spradling, 1997). Concomitantly, pole cells become refractory to hybrid dysgenesis at the larval-pupal transition, which suggests that larval and pupal germline cells possess different properties (Bhat and Schedl, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cells, niches and cadherins: a view fromDrosophila

González-Reyes

2003

Journal of Cell Science

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Stem cells are essential for the correct development and homeostasis of adult organisms, as well as having obvious potential therapeutic importance. Analysis of the biology of stem cells and their regulatory microenvironment in adult organs has, however, been hindered by the rarity of these cells in mature tissues and by the lack of positive markers for them. The ovary of the Drosophila melanogaster female is a stem cell niche in which such analyses can be performed. The stromal cells of the microenvironment act as a regulatory centre to control the proliferation and differentiation of the germline stem cells, using several signalling molecules, among them the protein DPP – a Drosophila homologue of the human bone morphogenetic proteins BMP2 and BMP4. Recent work shows that DE-cadherin-mediated adhesion is used for the initial recruitment and posterior anchoring of the germline-derived stem cells in their niche.

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The Development of Germline Stem Cells in Drosophila

Dansereau

Lasko

2008

Methods in Molecular Biology™

100

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SummaryGermline stem cells (GSCs) in Drosophila are a valuable model to explore of how adult stem cells are regulated in vivo. Genetic dissection of this system has shown that stem cell fate is determined and maintained by the stem cell's somatic microenvironment or niche. In Drosophila gonads, the stem cell niche-the cap cell cluster in females and the hub in males-acts as a signaling center to recruit GSCs from among a small population of undifferentiated primordial germ cells (PGCs). Shortrange signals from the niche specify and regulate stem cell fate by maintaining the undifferentiated state of the PGCs next to the niche. Germline cells that do not receive the niche signals because of their location assume the default fate and differentiate. Once GSCs are specified, adherens junctions maintain close association between the stem cells and their niche and help to orient stem cell division so that one daughter is displaced from the niche and differentiates. In females, stem cell fate depends on bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signals from the cap cells; in males, hub cells express the cytokine-like ligand Unpaired, which activates the Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (Jak-Stat) pathway in stem cells. Although the signaling pathways operating between the niche and stem cells are different, there are common general features in both males and females, including the arrangement of cell types, many of the genes used, and the logic of the system that maintains stem cell fate. KeywordsDrosophila; germline stem cell; GSC; PGC; primordial germ cell; stem cell fate; stem cell niche IntroductionStem cells are defined by their capacity to self-renew and to generate daughters that differentiate into one or more terminal cell types. Proper regulation of this property is critical for animal development, growth control, and reproduction. Understanding stem cell function is potentially very important for future developments in gene therapies and regenerative medicine. Research in Drosophila on germline stem cells (GSCs) has been instrumental in defining the important function of the stem cell's somatic microenvironment or niche in the control of its division and self-renewal (1,2). The Drosophila germline is an excellent model of stem cell biology because the system is genetically tractable, the sterility and rudimentary gonads resulting from GSC loss are easily recognized, and the stem cells can be easily identified based on molecular markers and position in the gonad. Germline morphology and development, from embryogenesis to the differentiation of gametes in adult flies, has been well characterized and offers a solid basis for the study of GSC fate determination, maintenance, and differentiation.Drosophila GSCs are derived from embryonic pole cells, the first cell type defined in the embryo. They migrate from the posterior to meet the somatic gonadal precursors (SGPs) and form the embryonic gonad, a simple structure made up of about ten primordial germ cells (PGCs) intermingled with and surr...

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Establishment of stem cell identity in theDrosophila germline

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Clonal expansion of ovarian germline stem cells during niche formation inDrosophila

Clonal expansion of ovarian germline stem cells during niche formation inDrosophila

Stem cells, niches and cadherins: a view fromDrosophila

The Development of Germline Stem Cells in Drosophila

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