Estado nutricional y composición corporal de niños pobres residentes en barrios periféricos de La Plata, Argentina

Abstract

Objetivos. Evaluar el estado nutricional y la composición corporal, como indicadores de la calidad de vida, en niños pobres que concurren a comedores comunitarios de La Conclusiones. En las comunidades infantiles estudiadas coexisten la desnutrición y el sobrepeso. La elevada prevalencia de retraso en el crecimiento (talla baja para la edad) y desnutrición global (peso bajo para la edad) y la grave reducción de la masa muscular, aun en niños con sobrepeso u obesidad, parecen ser consecuencias de un proceso adaptativo inevitable frente a las condiciones adversas de vida.Estado nutricional, composición corporal, infante, niño, trastornos de la nutrición del niño, Argentina. RESUMENHasta mediados de la década de 1970, la pobreza, definida en términos de ingresos, era una cuestión marginal en Argentina. En 1974, solamente 3,8% de los hogares del país se encontraban por debajo de la línea de pobreza, es decir, sus ingresos mensuales estaban Palabras clave

Socio-environmental conditions, intestinal parasitic infections and nutritional status in children from a suburban neighborhood of La Plata, Argentina

“…According to Mercer et al (2005), height deficits in children are the result of at least two variables: the occurrence of unfavorable socio-environmental circumstances during the early stages of life along with other living experiences transmitted by parents and grandparents and, the progressive deterioration in the living conditions of families over time. These observations were also reported by Oyhenart et al (2007) in some suburbs of the Gran La Plata including El Paligüe.…”

Nutritional situation of children under five years old in Brazil’s northeastern cities

“…This scenario is in agreement with that observed in the most recent surveys [10][11][12][21][22][23][24] and with nationwide studies [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] as well as with those undertaken in other Latin American countries [3][4][5][6][7] .…”

“…Álvarez et al 6 in a study conducted on children of from 6 to 60 months, of the city of Antioquia, Colombia, found percentages of overweight and deficit of weight for height of 3.8% and 2.0%, respectively. Oyhenart et al 7 recorded a prevalence of overweight for height four times greater than of deficit (12.5% to 3.0%, respectively) on analyzing the nutritional status of children of Regarding height deficit, De Onis 37 observed that, in 2005, one-third of all the children below five years of age (about 178 million children) in low and medium income countries presented low height. Studies do, however, indicate a tendency to a decline both in the prevalence of low stature 38 as in that of low weight 37 in children, though such declines still fall short of the 50% reduction in undernourishment established as one of the Development Goals of the Millennium (MDM-1) 39 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 39 7 reported high prevalences in various Latin American countries and defined this as a public health problem which endures to the present day.…”

“…Oyhenart et al 7 recorded a prevalence of overweight for height four times greater than of deficit (12.5% to 3.0%, respectively) on analyzing the nutritional status of children of Regarding height deficit, De Onis 37 observed that, in 2005, one-third of all the children below five years of age (about 178 million children) in low and medium income countries presented low height. Studies do, however, indicate a tendency to a decline both in the prevalence of low stature 38 as in that of low weight 37 in children, though such declines still fall short of the 50% reduction in undernourishment established as one of the Development Goals of the Millennium (MDM-1) 39 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 39 7 reported high prevalences in various Latin American countries and defined this as a public health problem which endures to the present day. When the prevalences of the deficits of weight/age and height/age in this present study are compared, the latter presents percentages greater than the former, indicating that, despite the scenario of acute undernourishment (characterized by the weight for age deficit) being under control, the height deficit still persists in children of less than five years of age.…”

“…In general, the nutritional transition in the infant population of the Latin American countries is characterized by the increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity and a reduction in the prevalence of under-weight, a deficit in stature still persisting in high proportions [3][4][5][6][7] .…”