Esterification of Glycols by Acids in the Presence of Cation Exchange Resins

Astle, Melvin J.; Schaeffer, B. B.; Obenland, C. O.

doi:10.1021/ja01618a065

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…A series of tests using Amberlite IR-12 (sulfonated polystyrene resin) to esterify diethylene glycol (DEG) using toluene as the entrainer for removal of water gave the results in Table 1 (53).…”

Section: Vol 10 Esterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification

Aslam

Torrence

Zey

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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This discussion of esterification covers both the theoretical and practical implications of the technology. The kinetics and mechanism of esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols are reviewed, along with factors affecting and methods for bringing about the completion of reaction. Several technical examples of esterification are given to demonstrate how the theory is applied. These examples include discussions of batch, continuous, and vapor‐phase processes. Methods for synthesizing esters from other compounds, such as acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, amides, nitriles, unsaturated hydrocarbons, ethers, aldehydes, and ketones are outlined. Numerous references and techniques are described. The process of esterification is also approached from the aspect of physical properties and characteristics. For example, a discussion on the synthesis of low, medium, and high boiling esters is given. Also, esterification techniques regarding difficulty esterifiable acids and ester interchange are described.

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Section: Vol 10 Esterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esterification

Aslam

Torrence

Zey

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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“…PEG fatty acid esters can be prepared by either ethoxylation (1,2) or esterification (3). PEG fatty acid esters can be prepared by either ethoxylation (1,2) or esterification (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyethylene glycol (PEG-1500) diesters of long chain fatty acids of low HLB are non-ionic oil soluble emulsifiers and are used extensively in a variety of applications such as in emulsion paints, emulsifiable solvent cleaners and other emulsion dispersions/formulations. PEG fatty acid esters can be prepared by either ethoxylation (1,2) or esterification (3). The latter process is safer as it does not involve the handling of hazardous ethylene oxide and is more easily controllable by changing the reaction parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and emulsifying properties of polyethylene glycol (15OO) diesters of fatty acids

Bhattacharyya

Krishnan

Kelkar

et al. 1984

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Fatty Acid TypeSource Purity (%)Oil soluble polyethylene glycol (PEG-1500) diesters of stearic, 12hydroxystearic, oleic and 12-hydroxy oleic (ricinoleic) acids were prepared by standard condensation reaction procedure. The surface active/emulsifying properties of the products were evaluated by determining interfaciaI tension and through performance test in making water-in-oil emulsion. The presence of double bond or hydroxyl group in the C 18 acids, PEG content of reacting mixture, and nature and concentration of the catalyst in preparing the emulsifier all were found to have great bearing on the emulsifying property and stability of w/o emulsions, particularly when the aqueous phase contained a significant quantity of ions. Only the first factor, the effect of double bond and/or the hydroxyl group, is discussed in this paper.

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“…Polyoxyethyleneglycol (PEG) monoesters of fatty acids, being low foamers and good emulsifiers, find extensive use in textile industry and pesticide formulations and also in cosmetic preparations (1). PEG fatty acid esters are prepared by either ethoxylation (2,3) or esterification (4). The latter process is safer and more easily controllable as desired.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter process is safer and more easily controllable as desired. Even here, considerable proportions of diesters are formed unless a large excess of glycol is employed (4,5). Pure monoester can be readily obtained by forming a borate with glycol and esterifying with a fatty acid (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and surface‐ active properties of polyoxyethylene‐glycol (600) monoesters of fatty acids

Rao

Sastry

Subbarao

et al. 1977

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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AND SUMMARYPolyoxyethyleneglycol (PEG-600) monoesters of undecylenic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, ricinoleic and 12-hydroxystearic acids were prepared in 80-85% yield by reacting PEG with boric acid, esterifying the resultant borate with fatty acid, and selectively hydrolyzing the borate ester; their surface active properties were evaluated. Increase in acyl chain length increased the surface tension. The presence of a double bond or hydroxyl group in C t 8 series improved the wetting and emulsifying properties. Unsaturation in the fatty acid chain reduced the foaming power. [ Received June 8, 1976] e-~o e" X g O

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Esterification of Glycols by Acids in the Presence of Cation Exchange Resins

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Esterification

Esterification

Preparation and emulsifying properties of polyethylene glycol (15OO) diesters of fatty acids

Preparation and surface‐ active properties of polyoxyethylene‐glycol (600) monoesters of fatty acids

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