Estimasi Ancaman Tsunami di Zona Subduksi Sulawesi Bagian Utara Sebagai Upaya Mitigasi Bencana Tsunami

Abstract

Sulawesi Island is very prone to earthquakes. This is due to the meeting of three tectonic plates, namely the Eurasian Plate, the Philippine Plate, and the Indo-Australian Plate. In northern Sulawesi, there is also a micro plate, namely the Sulawesi Sea Plate, as a result of the movement of the Sulawesi Sea Plate, a subduction zone or subduction zone is formed. The subduction zone in the Sulawesi Sea Plate is known as the North Sulawesi Megathrust. If an earthquake with a very large magnitude occurs in the Megathrust Zone of North Sulawesi which has the potential for a tsunami, it is necessary to estimate the tsunami threat using the Tsunami Observation and Simulation Terminal (TOAST) to find out the tsunami simulation modeling that produces important information such as the arrival time of the tsunami, locations with the potential for a tsunami and the maximum tsunami height will occur as disaster mitigation measures. The method used is a qualitative method with descriptive analytical type. To obtain research data, data provision techniques are used with literature study and field studies. The research results in the form of tsunami threat modeling indicate that locations close to the epicenter of the earthquake have a potential tsunami threat with a warning status, namely in Buol, Minahasa Islands, northern Bolaang Mongondow and northern Gorontalo. Meanwhile, locations that have standby status are Manado City, northern Minahasa, Toli-Toli and northern South Minahasa. From the results of tsunami modeling, it was found that the maximum height of the tsunami reached 5.74 meters in northern Gorontalo. The ability of all components of society and local government is needed to form community resilience that is potentially affected, especially in facing the threat of a tsunami disaster in the Megathrust Zone of North Sulawesi. Thus, disaster risk can be reduced or suppressed.

Determination of tsunami run-up and golden time in the megathrust subduction zone of the sunda strait segment

“…The tsunami early warning status uses 3 levels, namely alert, alert, and alert. The alert level in this modeling is given if the estimated tsunami wave height reaches > 3 meters, the alert warning level in this model is given if the estimated tsunami wave height reaches 0.5 meters to 3 meters, the alert warning level in this model is given if the predicted wave height is tsunami reaches <0.5 meters [19,20]. Information on potential tsunami areas can be seen in Table 1.…”

Pemodelan Numerik Tsunami untuk Mengestimasi Waktu Tiba dan Ketinggian Maksimum Gelombang Tsunami di Teluk Amurang

“…Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini bersesuaian dengan penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh Kurniawan, dkk. [17] dengan skenario gempabumi Mw 8,5 didapatkan estimasi waktu tiba gelombang tsunami di Minahasa Selatan bagian utara yaitu 9 menit. Dengan menggunakan skenario yang sama yaitu Mw 8,5 di zona Subduksi Sulawesi Utara, Wahyu, dkk.…”

Study of tsunami source as preparation for tsunami modeling in Sulawesi

“…The first earthquake occurred on January 1, 1996, with a magnitude of 7.9 Mw in Toli-Toli, triggering a tsunami. The second one occurred in Gorontalo on November 16, 2008, with a magnitude of 7.3 Mw, which also had the potential to cause a tsunami and resulted in casualties and material losses [2], [3]. Additionally, the earthquake that struck Palu City on September 28, 2018, with a magnitude of 7.5 Mw, had the potential to generate a tsunami and caused building damage in the city [4].…”