Estimated prevalence of immunity to poliomyelitis in the city of São Paulo, Brazil: a population-based survey

Abstract

Objectives. Estimate the prevalence of immunity to poliomyelitis (anti-polio antibodies) in the city of São Paulo/Brazil through a population-based survey. Methods. A quantitative and inductive method was used to draw a representative sample of the population. Randomization and stratification (based on sex, age and residence region) was done, and 1,059 individuals were studied on a home-visit basis (structured questionnaires and blood samples). A microneutralization test was performed to detect anti-polio antibodies against serotypes 1, 2 and 3. Results. The estimated prevalence of immunity to poliomyelitis was high, with 94.6% prevalence of anti-polio 1 antibodies, 98.8% anti-polio 2 and 91.9% anti-polio 3. Despite this high prevalence, there were significantly lower prevalence levels in some groups, specially among age and residence region groups. Discussion. Routine child immunization and NIDs with OPV have provided excellent levels of serological immunity to poliomyelitis in the population of the city of São Paulo, Brazil. However, there may be specific groups with a lower prevalence of immunity. Estimations of the prevalence of immunity to poliomyelitis were made in a population-based survey, which could be used as an auxiliary tool for supporting the polio eradication program.

Immunity to polio, measles and rubella in women of child-bearing age and estimated congenital rubella syndrome incidence, Cambodia, 2012

“…The increasing seroprevalence to PV1 and PV3 with age in our study, as has been seen elsewhere [21,22], likely reflects increased remote exposure to circulating WPV types 1 and 3 in older persons in our population and a greater opportunity for exposure to shed polio vaccine virus through contact with children. Although we did not measure susceptibility in men, previous studies have demonstrated lower PV antibody seropositivity in men than women [23][24][25][26], suggesting the overall level of immunity in the adult population might be even lower than in our survey. Current immunity to polio in women in our survey is less than the population immunity documented prior to recent outbreaks in Tajikistan and China [10,27].…”

Seronegativity to polio viruses among previously immunized adult candidates to solid organ transplantation

“…In the final step of polio eradication, seroprevalence studies have increased in importance and can point to immune gaps in specific populations. 4 , 5 , 6 Serum neutralizing antibody titers, the traditional measure of vaccine-induced immunity, have a reliable correlation with protection against paralytic poliomyelitis. However, it is a limited determinant of virus replication in the intestinal tract.…”

Διαμόρφωση Ανιχνευτικού Προληπτικού Ελέγχου Λοιμωδών Νοσημάτων Που Προλαμβάνονται Με Εμβολιασμό, Σε Παιδιά Προσφύγων Και Μεταναστών

“…Στη μελέτη των Viviano και συν., το γεωγραφικό διαμέρισμα προέλευσης δεν φάνηκε να σχετίζεται με την ορολογική προστασία, το μέγεθος όμως του δείγματος ήταν μικρότερο και άλλης σύνθεσης από την παρούσα μελέτη, αντίθετα με τη μελέτη των Van Schaik και συν., όπου η αναλογία του πληθυσμού, το μέγεθος του δείγματος και τα ευρήματα ήταν παρόμοια με τα δικά μας170,171 . τίτλου αντισωμάτων172,174,175 . Θα πρέπει να σημειωθεί ότι, σημαντικό ρόλο για την ορολογική προστασία διαδραματίζει, το εμβολιαστικό σχήμα, το είδος του χρησιμοποιούμενου εμβολίου, καθώς και ο τρόπος συντήρησης και εφαρμογής του173,174,176,177 .…”