Estimates of the number of motherless youth orphaned by AIDS in the United States

Michaels, Desiree; Levine, Carol

doi:10.1016/0020-7292(93)90643-b

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…Nowhere is this more evident than where a child's mother dies or is too ill to serve as the primary caregiver. By the year 2000, as many as 125,000 minors below age 18 in the USA will have been orphaned by the epidemic (Geballe et al, 1995;Michaels & Levine, 1992). By the year 2010, 11.2 million children below age 15 are projected to have lost their mother to AIDS worldwide (Levine & Foster, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Self-reported physical health among older surrogate parents to children orphaned and affected by HIV disease

Joslin

Harrison

2002

AIDS Care

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Around the globe, older relatives, largely grandparents, have become the surrogate parents to children and adolescents orphaned by parental death from HIV/AIDS and to those whose infected parents are too ill to serve as their primary caregivers. Largely invisible to research, programme and policy initiatives, these older surrogate parents face compounded stress and the risk of neglected and compromised health. An exploratory study of third- and fourth-generation relatives (n=20, mean of 59 years) found an average of 3.3 chronic health conditions. Fifty-five per cent rated their own health as "fair" or "poor" and 70% reported having insufficient time to attend to their own health. Supportive services are needed to address the health needs of these "hidden patients".

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Self-reported physical health among older surrogate parents to children orphaned and affected by HIV disease

Joslin

Harrison

2002

AIDS Care

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“…Reliable data on the actual number of U.S. children who have lost a caregiver because of HIV/AIDS are lacking because of the logistical difficulties in collecting such information. In one report on the scope of this problem, Michaels and Levine (1992) used mathematical modeling to project a total of 80,000 to 120,000 U.S. orphans by the year 2000. The passage of time and other factors have cast doubt on the accuracy of this estimate, however.…”

Section: Abstract Orphans At-risk Children Hiv/aids Deep Southmentioning

confidence: 99%

Little Needles, Big Haystack: Orphans of HIV/AIDS in the Deep South

Lichtenstein

2008

Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention in Children & Youth

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Portrayals of children being affected by a parent's illness or death from HIV/AIDS typically involve survivors from high-prevalence countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Little is known about such children in the United States, even though HIV/AIDS is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for adults of childbearing age. To address this issue, the present study investigated children who had been orphaned (or were at risk of being orphaned) in the American Deep South. The study also sought to describe the family contexts of at-dsk children. Three research methods were used: a chart review of deceased and active adults at a public HIV clinic; an obituary review; and an examination of data from a statewide needs-assessment survey. The triangulated results indicated that at-risk children outnumbered orphans by 2 to 1. Most of these at-risk and orphaned children were African Americans living in abject poverty and facing an uncertain future. Privacy issues raised problems in identifying the children, and knowledge of their whereabouts was hampered by HIV-related stigma.Bronwen Lichtenstein, PhD, is affiliated with the

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“…10 Parenting with HIV can bring about its own challenges, particularly if the mother is the sole caregiver for her child or children, which is often the case. 6,11 In a study of HIVinfected mothers across the United States, Schable and colleagues 11 found that nearly half (46%) of the women were the sole caretakers of their children and few (30%) knew about child care assistance services. Even fewer (8%) contacted those services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Furthermore, many HIVinfected mothers are unmarried and have multiple young children in their care, some of whom are also infected with HIV. 6,12,13 Although many women with HIV care for children, the likelihood of maternal-child separation may be elevated because of the chaos and strain in their lives. Infection with HIV can bring about a state of crisis in a woman's life, particularly if compounded by substance use or mental health conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Maternal–Child Separation among HIV-Infected Mothers

Theall¹,

Mitchell²,

Ludwick³

et al. 2004

aids patient care stds

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The goal of this study was to determine the period prevalence of mother-child separation (i.e., living apart from mother) and factors associated with separation between women infected with HIV type 1 and their children (17 years old or younger). A retrospective cohort study was conducted, based on routinely collected data by the Family Advocacy, Care and Education Services (FACES) of Children's Hospital (New Orleans, Louisiana) on children (n ‫؍‬ 586) of 231 HIV-infected mothers followed from July 1, 2001 to March 20, 2003. The 3-month period prevalence of separation from mother ranged between 12.7% and 21.2% over the course of follow-up. At baseline, 14% of children were separated from their mothers. Over the course of follow-up, older children (6 to 17 years), those with mothers who used illegal drugs and/or alcohol and who suffered from mental health problem(s), those whose mothers did not live at a permanent residence, and children with mothers who had a CD4 cell count below 200 cells per microliter were more likely to be separated from their mother. No significant differences in substance use, mental health, CD4 count, or other sociodemographics were identified between women lost to follow-up and those who remained in care. Substance use and mental health problems played a role in maternal-child separation among the HIV-positive women in this sample, even after clinical status and socioeconomic factors were taken into account. Providing additional resources for substance use and mental health treatment may help to prevent or reduce maternal-child separation among similar populations. 509

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Estimates of the number of motherless youth orphaned by AIDS in the United States

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Self-reported physical health among older surrogate parents to children orphaned and affected by HIV disease

Self-reported physical health among older surrogate parents to children orphaned and affected by HIV disease

Little Needles, Big Haystack: Orphans of HIV/AIDS in the Deep South

Factors Associated With Maternal–Child Separation among HIV-Infected Mothers

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