Estimating Anticipated Performance Index and Air Pollution Tolerance Index of Some Trees and Ornamental Plant Species for the Construction of Green Belts

Abstract

This study combines air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API) in order to determine the potential of trees and ornamental shrubs that are frequently growing on the roads of Quetta, Pakistan, and the campus of the University of Balochistan, in Quetta, for green belt development. Our investigation exposed that not only APTI is suitable for the fitness of trees for building green belts. It is used to categorize vulnerable plant species for only bio-monitoring. The grouping of APTI and API in the present study is a practical technique for decreasing air pollution control. Laboratory analysis for APTI was carry out by the four physico-biological factors such as leaf extract pH, total chlorophyll content, ascorbic acid content, and relative water content. API for different plant species (trees and ornamental shrubs) was determined depending upon the characteristic grading by allotted + or-to the plants. The standard for determining API is given in Table 2. For examining the relationships among these factors statistics were utilized. This study indicated that the APTI is used as an instrument for choosing suitable plants to reduce environmental urban heat. API designated that Morus alba L., Pinus halepensis Miller, Ficus carica L., and Pistacia vera L. with API = 6 are excellent performers for green belt development. Morus nigra L. and Malus pumila Miller had API 5 and are considered very good performers, and Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl., Prunus armeniaca L., and Platycladus orientalis L. showed 4 API values with good performance for green belt formation. All the other remaining investigated trees and ornamental shrubs demonstrated poor values of API

Assessment of Tolerance of Some Tree Species to Air Contamination Using Air Pollution Tolerance and Anticipated Performance Indices in Isfahan City, Iran

“…RWC is also a beneficial tool for pollution resistance of the species because water content could maintain and regulates physiological balance under worse conditions of air pollutants [15]. Similar to our study, relative water content was reported for Samanea saman [49], F. carica [47], A. indica, F. benghalensis, M. azedarach, and P. longifolia [7]. The results showed that the decrease in RWC infected areas may be due to the effect of algae on the reduction of plant transpiration [50,51].…”

“…This subject can probably be due to the defense mechanism of the plant species against pollutants in contaminated areas 43,44,45 . A similar result of ascorbic acid content was also reported by Ogunkunle et al (2015) 46 , Leghari et al (2019) 47 , and Yadav and Pandey (2020) 7 . Furthermore, the amount of ascorbic acid content in some trees is varied according to sampling area such as M. alba (Javanmard et al 2020) 23 7 .…”

Physico-Chemical Diversity and Microbial Burden in Four Dates Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) Fruit Varieties Grown in Agro-Climatic Condition of Turbat, Balochistan-Pakistan

“…For the date fruit performance index (FPI) the methods described by Prajapati and Tripathi (2008) and Leghari et al (2019) was used. FPI values were calculated by combining the different fruit quality parameters (fruit weight, stone weight, taste of fruit, acidity, reducing sugar, over all minerals, moisture %/water activity and microbial burden hardy) of four date palm varieties based on character grading (+ or -) fixed to the plant.…”

“…Standard of grade point for fruit quality of date palm [references:Prajapati and Tripathi (2008);Govindaraju et al (2012);Leghari et al (2019)] …”

A Review of Air Pollution Mitigation Approach Using Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) and Anticipated Performance Index (API)

“…The most suitable plant species for ecomanagement can also be determined by calculating API. API is particularly useful in the selection of plants species that can perform a dual purpose of improving the air quality by cleaning up atmospheric pollutants and supporting the recreational benefit [33,82]. Additionally, a study showed that an anticipated performance index (API) is significant for ecomanagement to fight against air pollution, which is reflected by some biological and socioeconomic characteristics of the plants; therefore, API is more effective for this purpose [69].…”