Estimating the Annual Incidence of Abortions in Iran Applying a Network Scale-up Approach

Rastegari, Azam; Baneshi, Mohammad Reza; Haji‐Maghsoudi, Saiedeh; Nakhaee, Nouzar; Eslami, Mohammad; Malekafzali, Hossein; Haghdoost, Ali Akbar

doi:10.5812/ircmj.15765

Cited by 27 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Finally, social network-based approaches ask respondents about abortions among their female friends and relatives based on the assumption that women are less likely to under-report others' abortions. [19][20][21][22] We propose the confidante method (approach #5) in which respondents are asked questions about up to three of their closest female confidantes, blending the Best Friend approach 20 and the Anonymous Third Party Reporting 19 to capitalise on the strengths of each. 3 Other approaches to estimating abortion incidence have been proposed, but have yielded inconsistent results.…”

Section: Bmj Global Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the incidence of abortion: a comparison of five approaches in Ghana

et al. 2020

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IntroductionInduced abortion estimates are critical for reproductive health programming. In countries like Ghana where abortion is somewhat legally restricted and highly stigmatised, official records are incomplete and different approaches are needed to measure abortion incidence. We conducted a study in Ghana to test five methodologies for estimating incidence: direct reporting, the list experiment, the confidante method, the Abortion Incidence Complications Method (AICM) and a modified AICM.MethodsThe direct reporting, list experiment and confidante method were implemented through a nationally representative community-based survey (CBS) of 4722 women. The AICM used data from a nationally representative health facilities survey (HFS) and a knowledgeable informant survey. The modified AICM combined CBS and HFS data. For each approach, we calculated abortion incidence nationally and for Ghana’s three ecological zones and conducted checks to determine the most internally valid approaches.ResultsNational incidence estimates ranged from 27 per 1000 (AICM) to 61 (confidante method). The Northern zone displayed lower rates than the other two zones for all approaches. Validity and reliability checks found that the list experiment was invalid. The approaches that stood up to the internal validity checks and were most reliable were the direct reporting, confidante method and modified AICM. These approaches provide lower and upper bound estimates for the abortion rate, and the mean of the estimates from the three approaches yields a final abortion rate of 44 per 1000 and an unintended pregnancy rate of 103 per 1000.ConclusionsComparing five approaches to estimating abortion enabled cross-validation of findings and highlighted strengths, pitfalls and requirements of each approach that can inform abortion estimation in other settings.

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Section: Bmj Global Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the incidence of abortion: a comparison of five approaches in Ghana

et al. 2020

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“…In Iran, since 1979, abortion is illegal except in special circumstances, such as when the mother's health is at risk or both the life of the mother and the life of the fetus are at risk. As a result of restrictive abortion laws, around 6000 legal abortions are performed yearly, according to the health ministry reports,20 and illegal abortions are estimated to reach 219 000 (CI 95%, 176 673 to 288 538) 21. In addition, Iran's 2000 Demographic and Health Survey showed that 26% of married women had an abortion in their lifetime and that abortion rates were higher in provinces where contraceptive usage was lower 22.…”

Section: The New Pro-natalist Policy Package: a Critique From A Publimentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth control policies in Iran: a public health and ethics perspective

Aloosh

Saghai

2016

J Epidemiol Community Health

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In less than one generation, a unique demographic transition has taken place in Iran. A population growth rate of 4.06% in 1984 fell to 1.15% in 1993 and a total fertility rate of 6.4 births per woman in 1984 declined to 1.9 in 2010. In 2012, Iranian policymakers shifted away from a birth control policy towards a pro-natalist policy. At first glance, this may seem reasonable since its goal is to avoid the consequences of an aging population. However, we argue that the policy package raises serious public health, socioeconomic, environmental and ethical concerns and is likely to fail on its own terms.

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“…Over 10000 ectopic pregnancies are diagnosed each year [4]. In Iran, 13 stillbirths per 1000 live births have been reported [5], but accurate statistics on miscarriage rates in Iran are not available, and from 70.45 to 116.9 miscarriage per 1000 live births are reported [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Implementing Steps of Empowerment Model for Women with Failed Pregnancies on Decisional Conflict for Re-pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Kheirkhah¹,

Salehabadi²,

Esmaeeli³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Failed pregnancy is a common and destructive experience. It has physical and psychological effects on both women and families. They may become reluctant to re-pregnancy. Providing the coping strategies can help to adapt to failed pregnancies, and make informed decisions about future pregnancies. This study was designed and performed to determine the effect of implementing steps of empowerment model for women with failed pregnancies on decision conflict for re-pregnancy. Method: This interventional research is a randomized controlled trial with a control group that was conducted in Iran from January 2020 to May 2020. Participants were 80 women who had been hospitalized in a referral center during past 3-6 weeks due to failed pregnancies. The eligible women with random allocation of sealed envelope site were divided into two groups of intervention (n=40) and control (n=40) and a separate code was determined for each person. The intervention was performed in four, 90-minute sessions based on the model steps (threat perception, problem solving, educational participation, and evaluation) for intervention group. O'Connor's decisional conflict scale was completed before and six weeks after intervention by both of groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS edition 16 with the independent T-test, Fisher and chi-squared tests. Results: The score of decisional conflict and, its subscales did not differ between the two groups before the intervention (P = 0.65), but six weeks after the intervention, the decisional conflict and, all its subscales in the intervention group reduced. (P < 0.001).Conclusion: Empowerment education in women with a failed pregnancy improved their decision conflict in re-pregnancy, so empowerment education along with health care services for women with failed pregnancies is recommended. Trial registration: This randomized control trial was registered on the TCTR site with the code TCTR20191226001. Registered on 26 December 2019.

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Estimating the Annual Incidence of Abortions in Iran Applying a Network Scale-up Approach

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Estimating the incidence of abortion: a comparison of five approaches in Ghana

Estimating the incidence of abortion: a comparison of five approaches in Ghana

Birth control policies in Iran: a public health and ethics perspective

The Impact of Implementing Steps of Empowerment Model for Women with Failed Pregnancies on Decisional Conflict for Re-pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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