Estimating the Concentration and Biodegradability of Organic Matter in 22 Wastewater Treatment Plants Using Fluorescence Excitation Emission Matrices and Parallel Factor Analysis

Yang, Liyang; Shin, Hyun-Sang; Hur, Jin

doi:10.3390/s140101771

Cited by 88 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A three-component PARAFAC model was developed for fDOM data normalized to correct for differences in overall fluorescence intensity ( Figure S4). To assess wastewater contamination, the peak fluorescence value (Fmax) for the component identified as protein-like 351 and potentially associated with anthropogenic sewage loading (C3) (λEx/λEm: 275/350 nm) 352 (Murphy et al 2011, Yang et al 2014 was extracted in the PARAFAC model. 353…”

Section: Fluorescence Spectroscopy Of Dom 348mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater compounds in urban shallow groundwater wells correspond to exfiltration probabilities of nearby sewers

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wastewater compounds are frequently detected in urban shallow groundwater. Sources include sewage or reclaimed wastewater, but origins are often unknown. In a prior study, wastewater compounds were quantified in waters sampled from shallow groundwater wells in a small coastal California city. Here, we resampled those wells and expanded sample analyses to include sewage- or reclaimed water-specific indicators, i.e. pharmaceutical and personal care product chemicals or disinfection byproducts. Also, we developed a geographic information system (GIS)-based model of sanitary sewer exfiltration probability--combining a published pipe failure model accounting for sewer pipe size, age, materials of construction, with interpolated depths to groundwater--to determine if sewer system attributes relate to wastewater compounds in urban shallow groundwater. Across the wells, groundwater samples contained varying wastewater compounds, including acesulfame, sucralose, bisphenol A, 4-tert-octylphenol, estrone and perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS). Fecal indicator bacterial concentrations and toxicological bioactivities were less than known benchmarks. However, the reclaimed water in this study was positive for all bioactivity tested. Excluding one well intruded by seawater, the similarity of groundwater to sewage, based on multiple indicators, increased with increasing sanitary sewer exfiltration probability (modeled from infrastructure within ca. 300 m of each well). In the absence of direct exfiltration or defect measurements, sewer exfiltration probabilities modeled from the collection system's physical data can indicate potential locations where urban shallow groundwater is contaminated by sewage.

show abstract

Section: Fluorescence Spectroscopy Of Dom 348mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater compounds in urban shallow groundwater wells correspond to exfiltration probabilities of nearby sewers

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To-date few studies have explored in-situ BOD measurement using optical surrogates, although laboratory based studies have highlighted the potential for absorbance (Comber, Gardner, & Gunn, 1996) and fluorescence based surrogates of BOD (Hudson, Baker, Ward, et al, 2008;Yang, Shin, & Hur, 2014). Xu and Xu (2015) outlined the suitability of in-situ fluorometery (Chlorophyll a, λ excitation = 460, λ emission = 685) to monitor BOD in a eutrophic lake system, although they measured the response to elevated labile OM (i.e., phytoplankton abundance) rather than determining the labile OM concentration directly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous field estimation of dissolved organic carbon concentration and biochemical oxygen demand using dual‐wavelength fluorescence, turbidity and temperature

Khamis

Bradley

Stevens³

et al. 2016

Hydrological Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) quality and quantity is not measured routinely in‐situ limiting our ability to quantify DOM process dynamics. This is problematic given legislative obligations to determine event based variability; however, recent advances in field deployable optical sensing technology provide the opportunity to address this problem. In this paper, we outline a new approach for in‐situ quantification of DOM quantity (Dissolved Organic Carbon: DOC) and a component of quality (Biochemical Oxygen Demand: BOD) using a multi‐wavelength, through‐flow fluorescence sensor. The sensor measured tryptophan‐like (Peak T) and humic‐like (Peak C) fluorescence, alongside water temperature and turbidity. Laboratory derived coefficients were developed to compensate for thermal quenching and turbidity interference (i.e., light attenuation and scattering). Field tests were undertaken on an urban river with ageing wastewater and stormwater infrastructure (Bourn Brook; Birmingham, UK). Sensor output was validated against laboratory determinations of DOC and BOD collected by discrete grab sampling during baseflow and stormflow conditions. Data driven regression models were then compared to laboratory correction methods. A combination of temperature and turbidity compensated Peak T and Peak C was found to be a good predictor of DOC concentration (R2 = 0.92). Conversely, using temperature and turbidity correction coefficients provided low predictive power for BOD (R2 = 0.46 and R2 = 0.51, for Peak C and T, respectively). For this study system, turbidity appeared to be a reasonable proxy for BOD, R2 = 0.86. However, a linear mixed effect model with temperature compensated Peak T and turbidity provided a robust BOD prediction (R2 = 0.95). These findings indicate that with careful initial calibration, multi‐wavelength fluorescence, coupled with turbidity, and temperature provides a feasible proxy for continuous, in‐situ measurement of DOC concentration and BOD. This approach represents a cost effective monitoring solution, particularly when compared to UV – absorbance sensors and DOC analysers, and could be readily adopted for research and industrial applications.

show abstract

“…Peak T has been found to correlate with Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) in rivers (Baker and Inverarity, 2004;Hudson et al, 2008;Hur et al, 2008;Hur and Cho, 2012;Knapik et al, 2014) and sewer systems (Hur et al, 2010). Peak T also correlates with BOD and chemical oxygen demand within the sewerage treatment process (Bridgeman et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2014); and with total bacteria using flow cytometry (Bridgeman et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

To what extent can portable fluorescence spectroscopy be used in the real-time assessment of microbial water quality?

Baker¹,

Cumberland

Bradley

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The intrinsic fluorescence of aquatic organic matter emitted at 350 nm when excited at 280 nm correlates widely with water quality parameters such as biochemical oxygen demand. Hence, in sewage-impacted rivers and groundwater, it might be expected that fluorescence at these wavelengths will also correlate with the microbial water quality. In this paper we use a portable fluorimeter to assess the relationship between fluorescence intensity at this wavelength pair and Escherichia coli enumeration in contrasting river catchments of poor water quality: in KwaZulu-Natal, S. Africa and the West Midlands, UK. Across all catchments we demonstrate a log correlation (r = 0.74) between fluorescence intensity and E. coli over a seven-log range in E. coli enumerations on non-perturbed (unfiltered) samples. Within specific catchments, the relationship between fluorescence intensity and E. coli is more variable, demonstrating the importance of catchment-specific interference. Our research demonstrates the potential of using a portable fluorimeter as an initial screening tool for indicative microbial water quality, and one that is ideally suited to simple pollution scenarios such as assessing the impact of faecal contamination in river or groundwater at specific sites.

show abstract

Estimating the Concentration and Biodegradability of Organic Matter in 22 Wastewater Treatment Plants Using Fluorescence Excitation Emission Matrices and Parallel Factor Analysis

Cited by 88 publications

References 41 publications

Wastewater compounds in urban shallow groundwater wells correspond to exfiltration probabilities of nearby sewers

Wastewater compounds in urban shallow groundwater wells correspond to exfiltration probabilities of nearby sewers

Continuous field estimation of dissolved organic carbon concentration and biochemical oxygen demand using dual‐wavelength fluorescence, turbidity and temperature

To what extent can portable fluorescence spectroscopy be used in the real-time assessment of microbial water quality?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About