Estimating the relative rates of pollen and seed migration among plant populations

Ennos, Richard A.

doi:10.1038/hdy.1994.35

Cited by 663 publications

(723 citation statements)

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“…These estimates are likely to be overestimates because it appears that a certain amount of structuring resulting from population history remains. Similar results have been found for estimates of pollen to seed flow in other species of pines (Dong & Wagner, 1993;Strauss et al, 1993;Ennos, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The value of mtDNA differentiation (F ST(m) = 0.37) is some 13 times higher than the equivalent measure of genetic differentiation for nuclear isozyme markers (F ST(b) = 0.028) within these same Scottish populations of P. sylvestris (Kinloch et al, 1986). If populations are assumed to be at drift/migration equilibrium for these two sets of markers an estimate of the ratio of pollen to seed flow among populations can be derived from a comparison of F ST values (Ennos, 1994). Using these methods, interpopulation pollen flow is calculated to be some 18.4 times greater than seed flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Multiple origins for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Scotland: evidence from mitochondrial DNA variation

1998

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Data from the pollen record and from two forms of nuclear genetic markers suggest that present-day populations of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Scotland were derived from more than one refugium after glaciation. In order to clarify this issue, genetic variation for maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was studied in 466 trees sampled from 20 natural populations in Scotland. A homologous probe for the cox1 mitochondrial gene of P. sylvestris was constructed and used to detect mtDNA RFLP variation. Two common (a and b) and one rare RFLP variant (c) were distinguished. Evidence from segregation patterns of variants within a polymorphic population was consistent with maternal inheritance of the RFLP variation. A survey of Scottish populations indicates that mitotype a is present at all sites, but that mitotype b is confined to three western populations. Genetic differentiation for mtDNA, which migrates solely by seed is much greater (F ST(m) = 0.370) than for nuclear markers (F ST(b) = 0.028) which are dispersed by both pollen and seed. The geographical distribution of mitotype b in western Scotland, and its absence from populations in northern France and Germany, suggest that P. sylvestris has been derived not only from continental Europe via England, but also by migration from a western refugium, probably in Ireland or western France.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Multiple origins for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Scotland: evidence from mitochondrial DNA variation

1998

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“…To estimate the relative contribution of pollen versus seed flow to total gene flow, the following formula from Ennos (1994) was applied:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Range-wide patterns of nuclear and chloroplast DNA diversity in Vriesea gigantea (Bromeliaceae), a neotropical forest species

et al. 2009

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The processes that have shaped the extraordinary species diversity in neotropical rainforests are poorly understood, and knowledge about the patterns of genetic diversity across species' ranges is scarce, in contrast to other regions of the globe. We have conducted a range-wide study of genetic diversity in a plant endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, Vriesea gigantea (Bromeliaceae), based on a combined data set of nuclear microsatellites and chloroplast (cp) DNA markers typed in 429 plants from 13 populations. The results indicate a strong negative correlation between genetic diversity and population latitude, consistent with historical forest expansion from the northern half of the present distribution range. A deep phylogeographic split exists between the Brazilian states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro at ca. 23 1S latitude, probably reflecting past population isolation within more than one glacial refuge during the climatic changes of the Pleistocene. A comparison of genetic structures at cpDNA and nuclear markers revealed a pollen/ seed flow ratio of more than 3:1, thus indicating an important role of the pollinating animals (that is, bats) in shaping the population genetic structure of this species. Diversity was reduced for cpDNA markers in the island populations off the coast, and reduced diversity and increased differentiation were observed for both nuclear and cpDNA at the edges of the species' range. The link between patterns of genetic and species diversity supports the hypothesis that both were shaped by the same biogeographic processes, triggered by the climatic oscillations of the Pleistocene.

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“…An earlier phylogeographic study also found extremely limited variation outside the Bclassic^refugia of Italy and the Balkans and no variation in Britain (Palme and Vendramin 2002). Thus, it would appear that natural populations of hazel in northern Europe are characterized by an extremely narrow chloroplast gene pool and that there is thus limited scope for disentangling the relevant roles of seed-and pollen-mediated gene flow using population genetic approaches (Ennos 1994). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Broad-scale genetic homogeneity in natural populations of common hazel (Corylus avellana) in Ireland

Brown

Beatty

Montgomery

et al. 2016

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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Hazel (Corylus avellana) has been a key species in European woodlands throughout the Holocene (10 KYApresent). Like many tree species, it is increasingly under threat from climate change, habitat loss and fragmentation, invasive species and emergent pathogens. As knowledge of the genetic structure of natural populations of trees is vital for managing these threats, as well as an essential basis for selection of material for replanting and restocking, we analysed levels and patterns of genetic diversity in the species at a range of spatial scales using high-resolution microsatellite markers. Our findings indicate that hazel populations exhibit high levels of genetic diversity along with low levels of population differentiation, suggesting extensive gene flow. Fine-scale genetic structuring was observed in some of the woodlands studied, probably resulting from restricted dispersal of the heavy nuts produced by the species. This, coupled with higher levels of pollen-mediated gene flow, resulted in a weak but significant pattern of isolation by distance. These results suggest that replanting following potential loss of hazel populations may not necessarily require the use of material from the same locality and mirror findings in other broadleaved tree species from the same area.

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Estimating the relative rates of pollen and seed migration among plant populations

Cited by 663 publications

References 39 publications

Multiple origins for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Scotland: evidence from mitochondrial DNA variation

Multiple origins for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Scotland: evidence from mitochondrial DNA variation

Range-wide patterns of nuclear and chloroplast DNA diversity in Vriesea gigantea (Bromeliaceae), a neotropical forest species

Broad-scale genetic homogeneity in natural populations of common hazel (Corylus avellana) in Ireland

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