Estimation de la digestibilité de l'herbe ingérée au pâturage à partir de l'azote fécal et de quelques autres paramètres fécaux

Chenost, M.; Boissau, J.M.

doi:10.1051/animres:19850206

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Kamler et al 2004) in their nationwide monitoring program to assess dietary crude protein and digestible organic matter from feces of domestic cattle (United States Department of Agriculture 2000). Other applications of FN involved domestic (Chenost 1985, de Alba Becerra et al 1998, Lukas et al 2005 (Studier et al 1994). Not all of those studies provided direct correlates to dietary quality, demography, or behavior.…”

Section: Trends In Fn Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facts From Feces: Nitrogen Still Measures Up as a Nutritional Index for Mammalian Herbivores

2008

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Fecal nitrogen (FN) has been applied widely as an index of dietary quality in studies of nutritional ecology of free‐ranging and captive vertebrate herbivores, particularly ruminants. Three related articles in the Journal of Wildlife Management (JWM; Leslie and Starkey 1985, 1987; Hobbs 1987) have been cited (n = 150) in 87 publications and 39 peer‐reviewed journals. The critique by Hobbs (1987) and the reply by Leslie and Starkey (1987) on limitations and appropriate applications of FN have been used to justify use of FN or negate its value as a nutritional proxy. We undertook a retrospective analysis of FN applications since 1985, largely because we sensed that methodological cautions noted in the 3 JWM publications were not being followed, leading to faulty conclusions and management applications, and that application protocols needed updating. From January 1986 through July 2007, the 107 species‐by‐continent applications of FN, citing the 3 JWM publications singly or in any combination, were diverse; FN was used in various ways on 5 continents and for 50 wild and domestic species. Cumulative rates of departure from recommended FN applications increased in recent years, largely in studies that compare different species while failing to fully acknowledge that differences likely reflected digestive capabilities rather than differences in some aspect of dietary intake. Post‐1985 research on plant secondary compounds (e.g., tannins) has refined limitations to the application of FN, permitting more straightforward protocols than were possible in 1985. Although use does not necessarily reflect value, the number of published applications during the past 22 years indicates that peer reviewers from a variety of scientific disciplines view FN as a suitable proxy for nutritional status, which can be used to contrast study units when carefully defined by the study design. Any index can have shortcomings, and there are still circumstances when application of FN is problematic. Precise prediction of intake with FN under field conditions is still hampered by inherent variability, but contrasts of comparable study units and species can be appropriate. Published protocols for FN, as amended herein, should be adhered to, and conclusions are strengthened by the use of multiple nutritional indices.

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Section: Trends In Fn Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facts From Feces: Nitrogen Still Measures Up as a Nutritional Index for Mammalian Herbivores

2008

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“…OMD z 77.6 ± 1.6a 74.8 ± 2.1b 63.8 ± 2.5c 56.3 ± 1.2d 0.24 NDFD 77.4 ± 2.8a 72.3 ± 2.4b 61.6 ± 3.0c 55.6 ± 1.9d 0.47 z Values based on the fecal N index of Chenost (1985). a-d Values with different letter in the same row (maturity effect) differ significantly (P < 0.05).…”

Section: Digestibility Coefficient (%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane emissions by Charolais cows grazing a monospecific pasture of timothy at four stages of maturity

Pinares-Patiño¹,

Baumont²,

Martin³

2003

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Pinares-Patiño, C. S., Baumont, R. and Martin, C. 2003. Methane emissions by Charolais cows grazing a monospecific pasture of timothy at four stages of maturity. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 769-777. In order to examine the relationship between herbage maturity and methane (CH 4 ) emission under conditions which minimized opportunities for selective grazing, six 8-yr-old, dry and early-pregnant Charolais cows [712 ± 22.7 kg liveweight (LW)] were grazed on a mono-specific pasture of timothy at four stages of maturity: early vegetative, heading, flowering, and senescence. Daily CH 4 production was measured during 7 d using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) tracer-gas technique. Organic matter intake (OMI) was determined from fecal output estimated by Yb 2 O 3 dosing and feed digestibility (OMD) estimated using a fecal N index. The OMD (%) decreased (P < 0.05) from 77.6 at early vegetative to 56.2 at senescence, but no cow effect upon OMD was observed. The OMI (14.8 g kg -1 LW) and CH 4 production (273 g d -1 ) were higher (P < 0.05) at heading than at the other stages of maturity. The proportion of gross energy intake (GEI) lost in CH 4 did not differ with maturity (mean 6.4% of GEI). Cow effects upon OMI and CH 4 emission were significant (P < 0.05). CH 4 production (g d -1 ) was not related to diet chemical composition or OMD, but was correlated with digestible neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake (kg d -1 ) (r = 0.61, P < 0.01). Across all stages of maturity between-cow variation explained 54 to 70% of the total variation in CH 4 production. (SF 6 ). La quantité de matière organique ingérée (MOI) était calculée à partir des flux de fèces estimés par dosage de Yb 2 O 3 , et de la digestibilité de la matière organique (MOD) estimée à partir de l'azote fécal. La MOD (%) diminuait (P < 0.05) de 77.6 pour le stade végétatif à 56.2 pour le stade sénescent, mais était comparable entre animaux. La MOI (14.8 g kg -1 PV) et la production de CH 4 (273 g j -1 ) étaient plus élevées (P < 0.05) au stade épiaison qu'aux autres stades. La perte d'énergie alimentaire sous forme de méthane, ne variait pas avec le stade de maturité (6.4% de l'énergie brute ingérée en moyenne). La MOI et les émissions de CH 4 variaient entre animaux (P < 0.05). La production de CH 4 (g j -1 ) n'é-tait pas reliée à la composition chimique de l'herbe ingérée ou MOD, mais était fortement corrélée à la quantité de NDF digestible ingérée (kg j -1 ) (r = 0.61, P < 0.01). Quel que soit le stade de maturité, la variabilité animale expliquait 54 à 70% de la variation totale des productions de CH 4 .Mots clés: Méthane, bovin, variabilité animale, fléole, phénologie, pâturage sélectif Rumen methanogenesis represents a loss of between 2 to 12% of the gross energy intake (Johnson et al. 1993; Vermorel 1997) and the considerable research carried out during the 1960s and 1970s, aiming to increase feed efficiency, did not yield CH 4 mitigation technology. During the past few years, however, a renewed interest in controlling ruminant CH 4 production has been observed ...

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Nutrition of the one-humped camel. I. Faecal index determination and chromic oxide excretion pattern and recovery

Abdouli¹,

Khorchani²,

Nefzaoui³

1992

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Estimation de la digestibilité de l'herbe ingérée au pâturage à partir de l'azote fécal et de quelques autres paramètres fécaux

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Facts From Feces: Nitrogen Still Measures Up as a Nutritional Index for Mammalian Herbivores

Facts From Feces: Nitrogen Still Measures Up as a Nutritional Index for Mammalian Herbivores

Methane emissions by Charolais cows grazing a monospecific pasture of timothy at four stages of maturity

Nutrition of the one-humped camel. I. Faecal index determination and chromic oxide excretion pattern and recovery

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