Estimation of 14 MeV neutron rate from triton burn‐up in future W7‐X deuterium plasma campaigns

Koschinsky, J. P.; Äkäslompolo, S.; Biedermann, C.; Bozhenkov, S.; Isobe, M.; Kontula, J.; Ogawa, K.; Schneider, William E.; Warmer, F.; Wurden, G. A.; Wolf, R. C.

doi:10.1002/ctpp.201900186

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Earlier estimates [7] suggest that a total neutron production rate of 10 12 s −1 , integrated over the plasma volume, would be needed for time-resolved neutron measurements with a SciFi detector. This estimate includes a simple estimation of the neutron propagation to the detector.…”

Section: Conclusion and Further Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measuring fusion-born neutrons is possible using e.g. a scintillating fiber detector (SciFI) [6,7]. SciFi detectors have been succesfully operated at the TFTR [6], JT-60U [8], and LHD [9] experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A key quantity is the triton burn-up ratio, i.e., the ratio of DD fusion born tritons that subsequently undergo DT fusion. Earlier simulations have shown the feasibility of using SciFi for fast ion diagnostic purposes in W7-X, but have neglected explicit particle losses and configuration effects [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview of first Wendelstein 7-X high-performance operation

Klinger¹,

Andreeva²,

Bozhenkov³

et al. 2019

Nucl. Fusion

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Demonstrating improved confinement of energetic ions is one of the key goals of the Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) stellarator. In the past campaigns, measuring confined fast ions has proven to be challenging. Future deuterium campaigns would open up the option of using fusion-produced neutrons to indirectly observe confined fast ions. There are two neutron populations: 2.45 MeV neutrons from thermonuclear and beam-target fusion, and 14.1 MeV neutrons from DT reactions between tritium fusion products and bulk deuterium. The 14.1 MeV neutron signal can be measured using a scintillating fiber neutron detector, whereas the overall neutron rate is monitored by common radiation safety detectors, for instance fission chambers. The fusion rates are dependent on the slowing-down distribution of the deuterium and tritium ions, which in turn depend on the magnetic configuration via fast ion orbits. In this work, we investigate the effect of magnetic configuration on neutron production rates in W7-X. The neutral beam injection, beam and triton slowing-down distributions, and the fusion reactivity are simulated with the ASCOT suite of codes. The results indicate that the magnetic configuration has only a small effect on the production of 2.45 MeV neutrons from DD fusion and, particularly, on the 14.1 MeV neutron production rates. Despite triton losses of up to 50 %, the amount of 14.1 MeV neutrons produced might be sufficient for a time-resolved detection using a scintillating fiber detector, although only in high-performance discharges.

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Section: Conclusion and Further Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Overview of first Wendelstein 7-X high-performance operation

Klinger¹,

Andreeva²,

Bozhenkov³

et al. 2019

Nucl. Fusion

Self Cite

190

192

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show abstract

“…Measuring fusion-born neutrons is possible using e.g. a scintillating fiber (SciFi) detector [9,10]. SciFi detectors have been successfully operated at the TFTR [9], JT-60U [11], and LHD [12] experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ASCOT simulations of 14 MeV neutron rates in W7-X: effect of magnetic configuration

Kontula

Koschinsky²,

Äkäslompolo³

et al. 2021

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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Neutron production rates in fusion devices are determined not only by the kinetic profiles but also the fast ion slowing-down distributions. In this work, we investigate the effect of magnetic configuration on neutron production rates in future deuterium plasmas in the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator. The neutral beam injection, beam and triton slowing-down distributions, and the fusion reactivity are simulated with the ASCOT suite of codes. The results indicate that the magnetic configuration has only a small effect on the production of 2.45 MeV neutrons from thermonuclear and beam-target fusion. The 14.1 MeV neutron production rates were found to be between 1.49 × 1012 and 1.67 × 10 12 s − 1 , which is estimated to be sufficient for a time-resolved detection using a scintillating fiber detector, although only in high-performance discharges.

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“…This manuscript shows the characterization of a new middle-sensitivity Sci-Fi detector (hereafter middle Sci-Fi detector) for understanding DD fusion born-triton transport due to MHD instabilities, where S n values of~10 13 n/s to~10 15 n/s in the LHD correspond to a DT neutron flux 10 5 -10 7 cm −2 s −1 at the torus hall. This detector can be utilized at S n values of~10 13 n/s to~10 15 n/s, i.e., Wendelstein 7-X [33], EAST [34], and HL-2M [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved secondary triton burnup 14 MeV neutron measurement by a new scintillating fiber detector in middle total neutron emission ranges in deuterium large helical device plasma experiments

et al. 2021

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A middle-sensitivity scintillating fiber detector (hereafter middle Sci-Fi detector) that works at a deuterium-tritium neutron flux of ~105-107 cm−2s−1 was utilized to measure secondary deuterium-tritium neutron emission rates with high temporal resolution at a total neutron emission rate of 1013 to 1015 n/s, where strong magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities were observed in the large helical device deuterium plasma experiments. The gain and angular characteristics of the middle Sci-Fi detector were evaluated in an accelerator-based deuterium-tritium neutron source in the intense 14 MeV neutron source facility at Osaka University. Observation of 1 MeV triton transport due to MHD instability was performed by a middle Sci-Fi detector whose deuterium-tritium neutron counting rate was approximately 20 times higher than that of the conventional Sci-Fi detector. Fusion-born triton transport due to energetic-particle-driven MHD instability was observed using the middle Sci-Fi detector due to its high detection efficiency and high discrimination ability of deuterium-tritium neutrons from the sea of deuterium-deuterium neutrons.

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Estimation of 14 MeV neutron rate from triton burn‐up in future W7‐X deuterium plasma campaigns

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Overview of first Wendelstein 7-X high-performance operation

Overview of first Wendelstein 7-X high-performance operation

ASCOT simulations of 14 MeV neutron rates in W7-X: effect of magnetic configuration

Time-resolved secondary triton burnup 14 MeV neutron measurement by a new scintillating fiber detector in middle total neutron emission ranges in deuterium large helical device plasma experiments

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