Estimation of Geothermal Brine Viscosity

Ershaghi, Iraj; Abdassah, Doddy; Bonakdar, Mohammad; Ahmad, Saif

doi:10.2118/10311-pa

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Further direct measurements of the thermophysical properties of the natural geothermal brines with complex compositions are needed to confirm applicability and accuracy of the mixing rules. Ershaghi et al 34 reported viscosity data for synthetic brines consisting of NaCl, KCl, and CaCl 2 at concentrations from (0.99 to 16.667) wt % and at temperatures up to 548 K. Measurements were made using a high-temperature capillary tube designed to operate up to a temperature of 588 K and a pressure of 14 MPa. From the use of the laboratory-derived data, a method is presented whereby the viscosity of geothermal brine may be estimated from knowledge of its composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of the Density, Speed of Sound, Viscosity, and Derived Thermodynamic Properties of Geothermal Fluids

et al. 2015

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Volumetric (density), acoustic (speed of sound), and transport (viscosity) properties of natural geothermal fluids from south Russia Geothermal Field have been measured over the temperature range from (278 to 343) K and at atmospheric pressure. The measurements were made using the Anton Paar DMA4500 densimeter and Stabinger SVM3000 viscometer for four geothermal fluid samples from the hot-wells. A sound-speed analyzer (Anton Paar DSA 5000 M) was used to measure the speed of sound and the density of the same geothermal samples. The combined expanded uncertainty of the density, viscosity, and speed of sound measurements at the 95% confidence level with a coverage factor of k = 2 is estimated to be as follows: density, 0.0005% (for DMA 4500), 0.02%, or 0.5 kg•m −3 (for the SVM 3000 viscodensimeter) and 0.01% (for the DSA 5000 M sound-speed analyzer); viscosity, 0.35% (for SVM 3000); and speed of sound, 0.1% (DSA 5000 M). Measured values of density and speed of sound were used to calculate other very important derived thermodynamic properties of the geothermal fluid samples. Measured values of density, viscosity, and speed of sound were used to develop correlation models which reproduced the measured values of density, viscosity, and speed of sound within 0.03%, 2.55%, and 0.06%, respectively. The measured properties at atmospheric pressure have been used as reference values for the prediction of high pressure properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of the Density, Speed of Sound, Viscosity, and Derived Thermodynamic Properties of Geothermal Fluids

et al. 2015

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“…Because of the temperature degradations of fluids from higher degrees existing in underground formations to lower degrees at the surface either around production or injection wells or in surface facilities, no uniform viscosity could be assumed in engineering calculations of well productivity or flowline computations. 4 A literature survey by Ophori 5 shows that most numerical models have considered the impact of density while the variation in the viscosity of underground formation water is neglected. Yet, other studies suggest that there is a strong relationship between viscosity and density and therefore assuming a constant viscosity is highly prone to cause incorrect simulation results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Dynamic Viscosity of Na–K–Ca–Cl–H₂O Aqueous Solutions at High-Pressure and High-Temperature Conditions

Safari¹,

Nekoeian²,

Shirdel³

et al. 2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Most industrial areas, especially oilfield operations and geothermal reservoirs, deal with varying viscosities in multicomponent electrolyte solutions. An accurate estimate of this property as a function of pressure, temperature, and varying salt concentrations is highly desirable. Although a number of empirical correlations have already been developed, they are still limited to single electrolyte solutions and can only operate over specified temperature and pressure ranges. In this study, a highly accurate model based on an adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system was developed, mainly devoted to dynamic viscosity prediction in aqueous multicomponent chloride solutions. Crisp input data were transformed into fuzzy sets employing the subtractive clustering algorithm with an effective radius optimized by a hybrid of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization technique. Comparing the model with thousands of experimental data concluded in squared correlation coefficient (R 2) of 0.9986 and an average absolute error of 1.59%. The developed model was also found to outperform a number of empirical correlations that are employed for the viscosity determination of single electrolyte solutions.

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“…Viscosities for water and low-density brines are readily available, even at elevated pressures (Kestin et al 1977;Ershaghi et al 1983). However, very little work has been done on brines greater than 10.0 ppg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscosities for Completion Fluids at Temperature and Density

Ortego¹,

Vollmer²

2006

SPE Drilling &Amp; Completion

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Brine viscosities are an important property in sand-control and coil-tubing operations. Viscosities are used to calculate sand settling rates for gravel-packing and frictional pressure losses. Because of limited brine-viscosity data, viscosites were determined for conventional completion fluids using an Oswald viscometer. Then, 3D equations were determined as a function of density and temperature for calcium chloride; calcium bromide; calcium chloride and calcium bromide; calcium bromide and zinc bromide; three-salt mixture of calcium chloride, calcium bromide, and zinc bromide; and sodium bromide solutions. All equations had an absolute average deviation from the measured values of less than 10%.

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Estimation of Geothermal Brine Viscosity

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Measurements of the Density, Speed of Sound, Viscosity, and Derived Thermodynamic Properties of Geothermal Fluids

Measurements of the Density, Speed of Sound, Viscosity, and Derived Thermodynamic Properties of Geothermal Fluids

Assessing the Dynamic Viscosity of Na–K–Ca–Cl–H₂O Aqueous Solutions at High-Pressure and High-Temperature Conditions

Viscosities for Completion Fluids at Temperature and Density

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Estimation of Geothermal Brine Viscosity

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Measurements of the Density, Speed of Sound, Viscosity, and Derived Thermodynamic Properties of Geothermal Fluids

Measurements of the Density, Speed of Sound, Viscosity, and Derived Thermodynamic Properties of Geothermal Fluids

Assessing the Dynamic Viscosity of Na–K–Ca–Cl–H2O Aqueous Solutions at High-Pressure and High-Temperature Conditions

Viscosities for Completion Fluids at Temperature and Density

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Assessing the Dynamic Viscosity of Na–K–Ca–Cl–H₂O Aqueous Solutions at High-Pressure and High-Temperature Conditions