Estimation of hospital admission respiratory disease cases attributed to exposure to SO2 and NO2 in two different sectors of Egypt

Mohammed, Atef M. F.; Ibrahim, Yasser; Saleh, Inas A.

doi:10.4314/ahs.v19i4.11

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The assessment was based on the attributable proportion identified as the fraction of the health effect in a given population that is attributable to a certain air pollutant [26]. Relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for each 10 μg/m 3 increase in daily mean concentrations of NH 3 and H 2 S pollutants have been reported.…”

Section: Airq + Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Assessment of NH3 and H2S in Coastal and Complex Sectors in Egypt by Using AirQ+ Software

Mohammed

Saleh²,

Ibrahim³

2022

IJECC

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The aim of the present study is to assess the health risks of NH3 and H2S gases in two different sectors in Egypt, one of them is a complex sector (represents a residential, industrial and agriculture sector) and the other is a coastal tourism sector. Hospital admissions respiratory disease (HARD) cases living in the two Sectors was also estimated during one year, due to exposure to NH3 and H2S gases using the AirQ+ Software. Concentration levels of gaseous pollutants (NH3 and H2S) were measured from December 2019 to November 2020. Daily mean concentrations of NH3 and H2S at the mixed sector (68.15, and 50.06 µg/m³, respectively) were higher than those in the coastal sector (23.92 and 24.10 µg/m³, respectively). The daily mean concentrations of NH3 in both sectors were less than the Egyptian and international Permissible limits. Non-carcinogenic risk (HQ) of H2S in the mixed region was higher than 1; indicating high adverse chronic health effects occur due to exposure to H2S according to US EPA. In addition, the estimated number of hospital admissions respiratory diseases (HARD) Cases per 100,000 population living were 3 (1 - 6) and 4 (2 - 7) for NH3 and H2S, respectively in the coastal sector, while they were 392 (358 - 410) and 569 (347 - 576) for NH3 and H2S, respectively in the mixed sector. Finally, Air Q+ Software is a valid and reliable tool for estimating short-term risk effects of NH3 and H2S, and can predicts hospital admissions respiratory diseases (HARD) cases attributed to NH3 and H2S gases.

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Section: Airq + Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These impacts should be described at the local, regional, national and global scales around the world [25]. In a previous study, an estimate of hospital admission respiratory disease due to SO 2 and NO 2 exposure was performed in Egypt by Mohammed et al [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment of NH3 and H2S in Coastal and Complex Sectors in Egypt by Using AirQ+ Software

Mohammed

Saleh²,

Ibrahim³

2022

IJECC

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“…He attributed higher seasonal levels to climatic conditions, topography and photochemical reaction. Mohammed et al 77 reported that the daily mean concentration SO 2 at Shoubra El-Khaima in Greater Cairo during 2016 were 60-116μg/m 3 , which lower than the Egyptian Permissible Daily (125 µg/m³ in urban and 150µg/ m³ in industrial) average limit in Annex No. 5 of the Executive Regulations of Law No.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…33,76 Health impact assessment (HIA) supply decision-makers with quantitative and qualitative information about pollutants levels and its effects on humans, to help them to put policy to safe people health. 33 Mohammed et al 77 reported that a level of SO 2 was 92µg/m 3 in Greater Cairo, Egypt during 2016. Also they using Air-Q 2.2.3 model to predicted hospital admissions respiratory disease (HARD) cases due to SO 2 exposure, and they found the highest cases of HARD were 311 cases at 120-129µg/m 3 of SO 2 .…”

Section: Exposure To Pmmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of sulfur dioxide and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in greater Cairo, Egypt

Mohammed¹,

Saleh²

2020

IJBSBE

Self Cite

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The coordinates of Greater Cairo area are 30•08_N, 31•34_E (Figure 1). Greater Cairo is the most highly density region in Egypt -Africa with about more than 19 million. 5 Geographically, Greater Cairo city is bordered from the east direction by El-Mokattam Hills to the Eastern Desert, and from the west by Abu-Rawash Hills and the Western desert. The climate is sunny and dry. Meteorologically, Greater Cairo is affected by desert weather; the annual precipitation range is 1-15mm and the annual temperatures range is 14 -34°C. The most predominant wind direction is from north for 9.8 months and from west for 2.2 months. The average wind speed during the winter season is above 9 m/s, which led to reduce the relative humidity in amient air of Greater Cairo than during summer season. 9 These climate conditions enable particulate matter to be suspended in the air. If there is no rain and the wind speed is relatively low, the pollutants accumulate in higher concentrations. This leads to the smog phenomena. 10 Industry is a major source of pollution in Cairo. In Egypt; 52% of the industries, 40% of thermal power stations and more than 2 million vehicles per day are found in Greater city. Vehicles running in Greater Cairo streets are old, 60% of which are over 10 years old. In addition, due to lack of rains and layout of tall buildings and narrow streets, Greater Cairo has very poor dispersion conditions, which create a bowl effect. Also, it is considered one of the highest polluted megacities in the world. Fuels used for vehicle in Greater Cairo are unleaded gasoline, diesel and natural gas. 11 Finally, about

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“…In this same context, Mohammed and colleagues have estimated the number of hospital admission for respiratory diseases attributed to SO 2 and NO 2 , in Shoubra El-Khaima and Ain Sokhna in Egypt, using Air Quality Health Impact Assessment (Air Q 2.2.3) tools. They showed important differences in the SO 2 and NO 2 hospital admission between the two studied cities [ 71 ]. For example, while Shoubra El-Khaima’s sector reported the largest risk estimates (311/234 cases attributed to exposure to SO 2 /NO 2 ), smaller estimates were found in Ain Sokhna (18/15 cases attributed to exposure to SO 2 /NO 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Climate, Air Pollution, and Health in North Africa

Sekmoudi¹,

Bouakline

Khomsi

et al. 2022

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to summarize and provide clear insights into studies that evaluate the interaction between air pollution, climate, and health in North Africa. Recent Findings Few studies have estimated the effects of climate and air pollution on health in North Africa. Most of the studies highlighted the evidence of the link between climate and air pollution as driving factors and increased mortality and morbidity as health outcomes. Each North African country prioritized research on a specific health factor. It was observed that the health outcome from each driving factor depends on the studied area and data availability. The latter is a major challenge in the region. As such, more studies should be led in the future to cover more areas in North Africa and when more data are available. Data availability will help to explore the applicability of different tools and techniques new to the region. Summary This review explores studies related to climate and air pollution, and their possible impacts on health in North Africa. On one hand, air quality studies have focused mainly on particulate matter exceedance levels and their long-term exposure impacts, namely, morbidity and mortality. The observed differences between the various studies are mainly due to the used exposure–response function, the studied population, background emissions, and natural emission from the Sahara Desert that characterize the region. On the other hand, climate studies have focused primarily on the impact of heat waves, vector-borne disease, and mental disorders. More than half of these studies have been on leishmaniasis disease. The review revealed unbalanced and insufficient research on health impacts from air pollution episodes and climate extremes across the region.

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Estimation of hospital admission respiratory disease cases attributed to exposure to SO2 and NO2 in two different sectors of Egypt

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Risk Assessment of NH3 and H2S in Coastal and Complex Sectors in Egypt by Using AirQ+ Software

Risk Assessment of NH3 and H2S in Coastal and Complex Sectors in Egypt by Using AirQ+ Software

A review of sulfur dioxide and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in greater Cairo, Egypt

A Review on Climate, Air Pollution, and Health in North Africa

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