Estimation of Tensile Strength Distribution for Carbon Fiber With Diameter Variation Along Fiber

Tanaka, Tsuneshichi; Nakayama, Hideaki; Sakaida, Akiyoshi; Horikawa, Noriyo

doi:10.2472/jsms.48.6appendix_90

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is the best technique to evaluate the performance and diameter of fibers. SEM allows one to understand the quality of fibers by characterizing smoothness, roughness or porosity of a fiber surface along with discerning if the surface is non-uniform, beaded, or interconnected (Tagawa and Miyata, 1997;Tanaka et al, 1999;Dallmeyer et al, 2010). Prior to imaging, the electrospun lignin fiber was sputter coated with gold for 10-20 s and examined using accelerating voltages of 5-20 kV.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Carbonized Fibers Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Processing, Carbonization, and Characterization of Lignin Based Electrospun Carbon Fibers: A Review

et al. 2020

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Greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impacts of petroleum-based fuels and materials have necessitated the development of renewable resource-based alternatives. In the process to extract cellulose for converting it to bioethanol (bio-based gasoline) large quantities of lignin are produced as the main byproduct-making it useful for further processing application for sustainable materials. Lignin is the second abundant source of renewable carbon with an aromatic structure which makes it a potential candidate for carbon fiber production. Since lignin can be dissolved in a variety of organic and non-organic solvents, electrospinning has been used to produce precursor fibers for carbon nanofiber production. These carbon nanofibers have been tested as a potentially sustainable alternative for the current non-renewable electrodes in energy storage and conversion devices such as supercapacitors. Using lignin by-products from the fuel energy sector in making devices for electrical energy sector provides a great opportunity for promoting a circular economy from sustainable materials while also contributing to researching alternative sustainable materials in light of a global pandemic. This review presents a summary of the processing conditions for electrospinning different varieties of lignin, characterization of the electrospun fibers and the carbonization conditions for converting fibers. Different techniques that of the structural properties of the precursor fibers, characteristics of carbon nanofibers and their performance in energy storage devices are discussed. Compared to the other published reviews in this field, this review aims to present the current knowledge on material-processing-lignin-carbon fibers properties relationship.

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Section: Characterization Of the Carbonized Fibers Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fiber diameter also affects the strength. Fibers with a smaller diameter will have less defects and will be molecularly oriented along the fiber axis (Tagawa and Miyata, 1997;Tanaka et al, 1999;Dallmeyer et al, 2010).…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing, Carbonization, and Characterization of Lignin Based Electrospun Carbon Fibers: A Review

et al. 2020

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“…For accurate calculation of fibre strength, it is vital that the applied load is calculated properly, and the exact cross-sectional area of the fibre is accurately determined. 44–47 Any error measured in cross-sectional area will affect the accuracy of the calculated fibre strength. 48…”

Section: Fibre Strength Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of tensile strength and dimensional variation of T700 carbon fibres using an improved experimental setup

Islam

Joannès

Bucknell³

et al. 2019

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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Knowledge of fibre strength is crucial for understanding the failure behaviour of fibre-reinforced composite materials and structures. Measuring the properties of technical fibres has been known to be very challenging, and the different challenges associated with single fibre characterisation are illustrated in this article. An improved and automated experimental methodology for tensile testing of single fibres is described. This process has been used to generate fibre strength data for T700 carbon fibres at three different gauge lengths of 4, 20 and 30 mm. The variability in strength and modulus of short fibres was found to be much larger than that of longer fibres. Statistical analysis of this large data set has also highlighted the limitations of the standard Weibull distribution for representing fibre strength behaviour. The need for a better statistical representation of the fibre strength data in order to provide a more accurate description of the fibre strength behaviour has been emphasized.

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“…Several authors have mentioned that this extrapolation breaks down at short gauge lengths, typically around a few mm [31,[40][41][42][43]. This break-down was attributed to three causes: (1) fibre diameter variations [41, [44][45][46][47][48], (2) variations of the Weibull distribution from fibre-tofibre within the same bundle [41, 44,49,50], and (3) the presence of different strengthdetermining flaw populations [40,43,[51][52][53]. Explaining how the first two causes lead to underestimations at short gauge lengths requires an extensive mathematical treatment, which outside the scope of this review paper.…”

Section: Standard Weibull Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of input data and modelling assumptions in longitudinal strength models for unidirectional fibre-reinforced composites

Swolfs

Verpoest

Gorbatikh

2016

Composite Structures

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Fibre-reinforced composites are rapidly increasing their market share in structural applications. Nevertheless, this increase would be much stronger if reliable failure predictions were available. These predictions are not only insufficiently reliable for complex loading of multidirectional composites, but even for longitudinal tensile failure of unidirectional (UD) composites. Since composite failure usually coincides with longitudinal failure of a 0° ply, the reliability often hinges on longitudinal failure predictions of UD composites. Despite great progress in the state-of-the-art models, significant obstacles remain in collecting the necessary input data and understanding the influence of the modelling assumptions. This review therefore surveys the mechanics, chemistry and physics involved in tensile failure of UD composites and highlights potential areas for improvement. Specific proposals are made to advance the state-of-the-art strength models, which could catalyse the use of composites in structural applications.

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Estimation of Tensile Strength Distribution for Carbon Fiber With Diameter Variation Along Fiber

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Processing, Carbonization, and Characterization of Lignin Based Electrospun Carbon Fibers: A Review

Processing, Carbonization, and Characterization of Lignin Based Electrospun Carbon Fibers: A Review

Investigation of tensile strength and dimensional variation of T700 carbon fibres using an improved experimental setup

A review of input data and modelling assumptions in longitudinal strength models for unidirectional fibre-reinforced composites

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