Estimation of the Potential Impact of COVID-19 Responses on the HIV Epidemic: Analysis using the Goals Model

Stover, John; Chagoma, Newton; Taramusi, Isaac; Teng, Yue; Glaubius, Robert; Sg, Mahiane

doi:10.1101/2020.05.04.20090399

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Biomarker data from the South African National HIV program show a 10‐fold increase in ALHIV aged 15–19 years receiving ART between 2005–2008 and 2015–2016, with an estimated 66% of all diagnosed ALHIV receiving ART by 2016 [ 8 ]. Recent modelling, however, shows that these gains will be halted by COVID‐19‐affected healthcare changes and ensuing lockdowns [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two years after lockdown: reviewing the effects of COVID‐19 on health services and support for adolescents living with HIV in South Africa

2022

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Introduction South Africa's progress towards the 95‐95‐95 goals has been significantly slower among adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV), among whom antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, retention in care and viral suppression remain a concern. After 2 years of living with COVID‐19, it is important to examine the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic on healthcare resources, access to HIV services and availability of support structures, to assess their impact on HIV care for ALHIV. Discussion The COVID‐19 response in South Africa has shifted healthcare resources towards combatting COVID‐19, affecting the quality and availability of HIV services—especially for vulnerable populations, such as ALHIV. The healthcare system's response to COVID‐19 has threatened to diminish fragile gains in engaging ALHIV with HIV services, especially as this group relies on overburdened public health facilities for their HIV care. Reallocation of limited health resources utilized by ALHIV disrupted healthcare workers’ capacity to form and maintain therapeutic relationships with ALHIV and monitor ALHIV for ART‐related side effects, treatment difficulties and mental health conditions, affecting their ability to retain ALHIV in HIV care. Prevailing declines in HIV surveillance meant missed opportunities to identify and manage opportunistic infections and HIV disease progression in adolescents. “Lockdown” restrictions have limited access to healthcare facilities and healthcare workers for ALHIV by reducing clinic appointments and limiting individual movement. ALHIV have had restricted access to social, psychological and educational support structures, including national feeding schemes. This limited access, coupled with reduced opportunities for routine maternal and sexual and reproductive health services, may place adolescent girls at greater risk of transactional sex, child marriages, unintended pregnancy and mother‐to‐child HIV transmission. Conclusions Adolescent HIV care in South Africa is often overlooked; however, ART adherence among ALHIV in South Africa is particularly susceptible to the consequences of a world transformed by COVID‐19. The current structures in place to support HIV testing, ART initiation and adherence have been reshaped by disruptions to health structures, new barriers to access health services and the limited available education and psychosocial support systems. Reflecting on these limitations can drive considerations for minimizing these barriers and retaining ALHIV in HIV care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two years after lockdown: reviewing the effects of COVID‐19 on health services and support for adolescents living with HIV in South Africa

2022

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“…Recent events related to police brutality and violence against people of color and the COVID-19 pandemic represent additional stressors that will likely exacerbate the SAVAME syndemic among Latinos and other racial and ethnic minorities in the United States (Koran, 2020;Lopez et al, 2020). Some evidence suggests that COVID-19 is resulting in reduced access to HIV treatment (Stover et al, 2020), increases in DV (Taub, 2020), and exacerbation of mental health and substance use problems (Monteiro et al, 2020;Panchal et al, 2020). Conversely, disparities in SAVAME factors are likely to increase susceptibility and vulnerability to COVID-19 among Latinos (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provider Perspectives on Latino Immigrants’ Access to Resources for Syndemic Health Issues

Giordano

Dsouza

Hassrick

et al. 2021

Hisp Health Care Int

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Introduction: Latino immigrants to the United States experience disproportionate impacts from the syndemic formed by substance abuse, violence victimization, HIV/AIDS, and mental health (SAVAME). This study characterizes resource access for Latino immigrants living in Philadelphia, as perceived by staff at Latino-serving organizations. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey of staff at key Latino-serving Philadelphia organizations assessed access to their organization and citywide access to each type of service (substance use, HIV/AIDS, domestic violence [DV], and mental health) for Latino immigrants. Descriptive statistics for organizational access indicators and citywide access scores across four syndemic domains (availability, accessibility, adequacy, and quality) and by syndemic condition were computed. Results: Organizational access and citywide access across HIV/AIDS (mean = 1.94, SD = 0.83), mental health (mean = 1.37, SD = 0.95), substance use (mean = 1.11, SD = 0.74), and DV (mean = 1.49, SD = 0.97) services were perceived as far from optimal. Domain scores were highest for accessibility (mean = 1.66, SD = 1.03), followed by quality (mean = 1.44, SD = 0.79), availability (mean = 1.41, SD = .81), and adequacy (mean = 1.24, SD = .75). Conclusion: Based on findings from a survey of staff working at Latino-serving organizations, this study highlights the lack of support and resources for Latino immigrants, in particular those related to mental health and substance use. Programs and interventions are needed to improve service delivery in Latino immigrant communities.

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“…18 52 People with HIV Nineteen studies assessed PLHIV. [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72] Three modelling studies predicted a significant increase in HIV-related deaths in African countries due to treatment disruption with the pandemic. [61][62][63] A US retrospective observational quantitative study found that shelter-inplace orders had a negative impact on antiretroviral therapy adherence, especially among homeless PLHIV.…”

Section: General Publicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual health (excluding reproductive health, intimate partner violence and gender-based violence) and COVID-19: a scoping review

et al. 2021

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ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has exposed and exacerbated existing socioeconomic and health disparities, including disparities in sexual health and well-being. While there have been several reviews published on COVID-19 and population health disparities generally—including some with attention to HIV—none has focused on sexual health (ie, STI care, female sexual health, sexual behaviour). We have conducted a scoping review focused on sexual health (excluding reproductive health (RH), intimate partner violence (IPV) and gender-based violence (GBV)) in the COVID-19 era, examining sexual behaviours and sexual health outcomes.MethodsA scoping review, compiling both peer-reviewed and grey literature, focused on sexual health (excluding RH, IPV and GBV) and COVID-19 was conducted on 15 September 2020. Multiple bibliographical databases were searched. Study selection conformed to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Reviewers’ Manual 2015 Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews. We only included English-language original studies.ResultsWe found that men who have sex with men may be moving back toward pre-pandemic levels of sexual activity, and that STI and HIV testing rates seem to have decreased. There was minimal focus on outcomes such as the economic impact on sexual health (excluding RH, IPV and GBV) and STI care, especially STI care of marginalised populations. In terms of population groups, there was limited focus on sex workers or on women, especially women’s sexual behaviour and mental health. We noticed limited use of qualitative techniques. Very few studies were in low/middle-income countries (LMICs).ConclusionsSexual health research is critical during a global infectious disease pandemic and our review of studies suggested notable research gaps. Researchers can focus efforts on LMICs and under-researched topics within sexual health and explore the use of qualitative techniques and interventions where appropriate.

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Estimation of the Potential Impact of COVID-19 Responses on the HIV Epidemic: Analysis using the Goals Model

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Two years after lockdown: reviewing the effects of COVID‐19 on health services and support for adolescents living with HIV in South Africa

Two years after lockdown: reviewing the effects of COVID‐19 on health services and support for adolescents living with HIV in South Africa

Provider Perspectives on Latino Immigrants’ Access to Resources for Syndemic Health Issues

Sexual health (excluding reproductive health, intimate partner violence and gender-based violence) and COVID-19: a scoping review

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