Estimation of truncal adiposity using waist circumference or the sum of trunk skinfolds: a pilot study for insulin resistance screening in hirsute patients with or without polycystic ovary syndrome

Toscani, Mariana Kirjner; Migliavacca, Raphaella; Castro, Jarbas C.; Spritzer, Poli Mara

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2007.03.006

Cited by 61 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Topographical studies revealed that the adipose tissue mass in internal organs, waist and arms was greater in PCOS women than in controls. Herein, over two thirds of total adipose tissue accumulated in the upper torso in PCOS women with different weights, and up to 70% PCOS women exhibited male fat distribution patterns (Gennarelli et al 2000;Kirchengast and Huber 2001;Crosignani et al 2003;Hashimoto et al 2003;Snijder et al 2004;Kirchengast 2005;Li and Lin 2005;Barber et al 2006;Carmina et al 2007;Toscani et al 2007;Moran and Teede 2009;March et al 2010 andPenaforte et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, attention has centred on determining body composition in PCOS women with different body mass index, quantity and quality of bone mass and (Zborowski et al, 2000;Kirchengast et Huber 2001;Faulds 2003;Puder et al 2005;To and Wong 2005;Toscani et al 2007;Barber et al 2008;Cosar et al 2008;Moran and Teede 2009;Kassanos et al 2010;March et al 2010;Manneras-Holm et al 2011;Villa et al 2011 andFranks 2013). Our study presents analytic results of investigations into body composition and somatotype in lean PCOS women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current anthropometric indices of adipose tissue amount and accumulation site in PCOS women have revealed there is a greater adipose tissue mass in the internal organs, waist and arms of PCOS women than in control subjects..A tendency to android fat distribution was observed even in lean PCOS women (Gennarelli et al 2000;Kirchengast and Huber 2001;Crosignani et al 2003;Hashimoto et al 2003;Snijder et al 2004;Toscani et al 2007;Moran and Teede 2009;March et al 2010 andPenaforte et al 2011). However, studies analysing skeletal, muscle and internal organ masses in PCOS women is currently lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body composition of lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Zabulienė

Urbonienė

Tutkuvienė

2013

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most frequent endocrine and metabolic disorders in reproductive age women, and it is related to changes in body size, shape and composition. Anthropometric somatotype is a quantitative description of the individual's body shape and composition classified as endomorphy, mesomorphy or ectomorphy. Since PCOS somatotype has never previously been studied, here we evaluate body shape and composition phenomena in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome and assess relationships with metabolic parameters. The study of 20-35 year-old women was carried out at the Department of Anatomy, Histology and Anthropology at Vilnius University. Standard anthropometric instruments and methods were used, and J. Matiegka's equations calculated skeletal mass, skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue and muscles and internal organs. In addition, Heath -Carter's somatotypes were computed, and the participants' glucose, insulin, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin and lipid levels were established. We analysed data from 120 women with a mean age of 27.30 ± 3.68 years. Lean women with PCOS had greater skeletal mass by 0.47 kg (p<0.05, Cohen's d=1.14), greater skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue mass by 2.79 kg (p<0.05, Cohen's d=6.07) and lower muscle mass by 1.47 kg (p<0.05, Cohen's d=2.84) compared to control women (p<0.05). The mean PCOS somatotype ratio was 4.96-4.38-3.00 (SD 1.50-1.26-1.11). This classified women with PCOS as mesomorphic endomorphs, in contrast to healthy women who were endomorphic mesomorphs. The PCOS subjects' skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue and endomorphy/mesomorphy somatotype positively correlated with insulin levels and the HOMA-IR. It was established that lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome had a mesomorphic endomorph somatotype and higher skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue mass, but less muscle mass than healthy lean women. In addition, skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue positively correlated with insulin level and HOMA-IR in lean PCOS women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body composition of lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Zabulienė

Urbonienė

Tutkuvienė

2013

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“…In this sense, we have previously shown that measuring waist circumference (WC), an easy procedure to estimate body fat R224 P M Spritzer and others distribution, in obese PCOS and healthy control women with the same BMI is strongly correlated with truncal fat mass estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ( Fig. 3; Toscani et al 2007). …”

Section: Metabolic Repercussions Of Adipose Tissue Dysfunction In Pcosmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Women with PCOS present higher prevalence of obesity, central adiposity, and dyslipidemia (Toscani et al 2007, Wiltgen & Spritzer 2010, Wild et al 2011, Lim et al 2012, and are at higher risk for type 2 diabetes compared with normal women of the same age (Legro et al 1999). Data of 240 patients fulfilling the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS show an increased prevalence of obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes in comparison with control groups ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Adipose tissue dysfunction, adipokines, and low-grade chronic inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome

Spritzer¹,

Lecke²,

Satler³

et al. 2015

Reproduction

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268

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a complex condition that affects women of reproductive age, is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction and androgen excess. Women with PCOS present higher prevalence of obesity, central adiposity, and dyslipidemia, and face increased risk of type 2 diabetes. PCOS is closely linked to functional derangements in adipose tissue. Adipocytes seem to be prone to hypertrophy when exposed to androgen excess, as experienced by women with PCOS, and both adipose tissue hypertrophy and hyperandrogenism are related to insulin resistance. Hypertrophic adipocytes are more susceptible to inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and release of free fatty acids. Disturbed secretion of adipokines may also impact the pathophysiology of PCOS through their influence on metabolism and on sex steroid secretion. Chronic low-grade inflammation in PCOS is also related to hyperandrogenism and to the hypertrophy of adipocytes, causing compression phenomena in the stromal vessels, leading to adipose tissue hypoperfusion and altered secretion of cytokines. Lifestyle changes are the first-line intervention for reducing metabolic risks in PCOS and the addition of an insulin-sensitizing drug might be required. Nevertheless, there is not sufficient evidence in favor of any specific pharmacologic therapies to directly oppose inflammation. Further studies are warranted to identify an adipokine that could serve as an indirect marker of adipocyte production in PCOS, representing a reliable sign of metabolic alteration in this syndrome.

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