Estoque de serapilheira e fertilidade do solo em pastagem degradada de Brachiaria decumbens após implantação de leguminosas arbustivas e arbóreas forrageiras

Silva, André Barbosa; Lira, M. A.; Júnior, José Carlos Batista Dubeux; Figueiredo, Márcia do Vale Barreto; Vicentin, Rayssa Pereira

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832013000200021

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The highest levels of calcium (Ca 2+ ), organic carbon (CO) and total nitrogen (N-total) were observed in the B+G and B+S treatments, while the highest NH 4 + levels were observed in the B treatment (Table 2). Silva et al (2013) also reported a higher acidity of soil under Gliricidia and Sabia cultivation compared to Brachiaria cultivation, attributing this acidity to a greater release of H + by legumes to balance the loads between soil and root due to higher cation uptake. The difference in pH between intercropping management treatments can also be attributed to the lower nitrifier activity in soils under Brachiaria-only treatment (Bowatte et al, 2011) due to the nitrification process that generates H + in the soil (Heil;Vereecken;Brüggemann, 2015), corroborating the higher levels of NH 4 + and lower abundance of AOB in B.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Intercropping tree legumes (Fabaceae family) with forage grasses in a silvopastoral system can increase the nutrient, mainly nitrogen, content in the soil through biological fixation by legume rhizobia (Ashworth;West, 2015;Xavier et al, 2011). This management practice has been successfully used in the recovery and maintenance of degraded pastures, with known impacts on the soil chemistry and quality (Apolinário et al, 2016;Silva et al, 2013), but no information has been reported about the influence on soil microbial communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silvopastoral systems drive the nitrogen-cycling bacterial community in soil

Barros

Fracetto

et al. 2018

Ciênc. agrotec.

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Intercropping tree legumes with forage grasses in a silvopastoral system can avoid pasture degradation benefiting the soil. In such a system, nitrogen (N) is supplied by symbiosis between legumes and bacteria. However, the pasture quality determines the action of free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which possess nifH genes, which encode nitrogenase enzyme. Ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), involved in the nitrification step, can be evaluated by specific regions of the 16S rRNA corresponding to AOB. Thus, we investigated the influence of the introduction of tree legumes into a silvopastoral system on the community structure and abundance of total bacteria, diazotrophic bacteria and ammonium-oxidizing bacteria by DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) and real-time qPCR (quantitative PCR). The experiment involved nine plots of one hectare each, planted with sabia (Mimosa caesalpinifolia), a Gliricidia species (Gliricidia sepium), and a Brachiaria species (Brachiaria decumbens) in a randomized block design, forming three treatments: I-Brachiaria intercropped with sabia; II-Brachiaria intercropped with Gliricidia and III-Brachiaria only, with three replicates. The structures of the total bacterial and ammonium-oxidizing bacterial communities were influenced by tree legume introduction, possibly through modification of the soil chemical attributes. The copy numbers of total bacteria, ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and diazotrophic bacteria were higher in soils planted with legumes, which provided better conditions for microbial growth compared to planting with the Brachiaria species alone. Silvopastoral management with tree legumes improves the biological quality of soil, favouring the bacterial community linked to N-cycling.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silvopastoral systems drive the nitrogen-cycling bacterial community in soil

Barros

Fracetto

et al. 2018

Ciênc. agrotec.

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“…A utilização de leguminosas na revegetação de áreas degradadas é conhecida pela eficiência na fixação de N 2 , que, em geral, é muito pouco disponível ou ausente em áreas de mineração de superfície. Além disso, raízes de leguminosas contribuem para melhorar a agregação do solo nessas áreas, facilitando a colonização por outras espécies (SILVA et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Desenvolvimento Inicial De Quatro Especies Nativas Do Cerrado Sob Diferentes Dosagens De Composto Organico, Em Uma Cascalheira, Em Diamantina, Minas Gerais

Marques¹,

Pereira²,

Silva³

et al. 2017

Agrarian

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RESUMO Atividades de mineração causam impactos ambientais negativos de grande magnitude.A extração de cascalho gera degradação do solo e dificulta a regeneração natural. O plantio de mudas de espécies nativas é uma das técnicas de recuperação de áreas degradadas muito utilizada no Brasil, por permitir um recobrimento do solo mais rápido e um controle de densidade populacional. O uso de composto orgânico no plantio de espécies florestais visando à recuperação de áreas degradadas visa reduzir custos com fertilizantes e melhorar as características químicas, físicas e microbiológicas dos substratos degradados, tornando-os propícios à revegetação. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento inicial e estabelecimento de quatro espécies nativas do Cerrado, submetidas a diferentes doses de composto de resíduo orgânico da indústria têxtil em uma área degradada por extração de cascalho em Diamantina, Minas Gerais. As espécies utilizadas no plantio foram Kielmeyera lathrophyton Saddi (Pau santo), Plathymenia reticulata Benth (Vinhático), Dalbergia miscolobium Benth (Jacarandá do cerrado) e Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Sucupira preta) submetidas a cinco tratamentos com diferentes doses de composto orgânico 0,0; 0,5; 1,0; 2,0; e 4,0 litros. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualisados seguindo a metodologia de plantio em ilhas de diversidade, em delineamento sistemático tipo "leque" com três repetições. Verificou-se que não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para as variáveis estudadas para cada espécie. No entanto, os melhores resultados de sobrevivência para as espécies K. lathrophyton, P. reticulata e D. miscolobium foram obtidos quando não houve adição de composto na cova. Para B.virgilioides, a maior sobrevivência foi obtida com adição da menor dosagem de composto. O crescimento de K. lathrophyton e D.miscolobium foi influenciado de forma negativa por condições adversas no local. Ainda de forma preliminar foi possível determinar que a adição de

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“…In each 33-by 20-m plot, the trees were planted in three double rows spaced 10 by 1 by 0.5 m, oriented in the north-south direction, in July, 2008. The signal grass occupied the space between double rows as described by Silva et al (2013). In 2011, when the current study started, the tree legumes had an average height of 5 m (Apolinário et al, 2015).…”

Section: Experimental Sitementioning

confidence: 98%

Decomposition of Arboreal Legume Fractions in a Silvopastoral System

et al. 2016

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Deposition and decomposition of arboreal vegetation represent crucial but poorly understood soil nutrient and organic matter cycling components of warm climate silvopastoral systems. Biomass loss and nutrient release from decomposition bags with leaves (Exp. 1) or branches (Exp. 2) of the arboreal legumes gliricidia [Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth] and sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) in a signal grass [Brachiaria decumbens (Stapf) R.D. Webster] silvopastoral system were measured in 2011 and 2012. In Exp. 2, branches were divided into 0‐ to 3‐, >3‐ to 9‐, and >9‐ to 20‐cm circumference classes. The incubated nylon bags were collected 0, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, and 256 d after placement on the soil surface. Gliricidia leaves and branches, in general, had higher N and lower acid detergent lignin (ADL) concentrations and ADL/N ratios than those of sabiá. Gliricidia leaf biomass loss rates were greater (P < 0.001; k = 0.0038 g g−1 d−1) than those of sabiá (k = 0.0012 g g−1 d−1), as were the branch biomass loss rates (gliricidia, k = 0.0018 g g−1 d−1; sabiá, k = 0.0005 g g−1 d−1). Leaf N release from the fixed amounts incorporated as annual litterfall corresponded to 47 and 14 kg N ha−1 from gliricidia and sabiá, respectively. The differences in concentrations and decomposition rates of the various fractions indicate that the two legume species differ in their nutrient recycling capacities.

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Estoque de serapilheira e fertilidade do solo em pastagem degradada de Brachiaria decumbens após implantação de leguminosas arbustivas e arbóreas forrageiras

Cited by 29 publications

References 29 publications

Silvopastoral systems drive the nitrogen-cycling bacterial community in soil

Silvopastoral systems drive the nitrogen-cycling bacterial community in soil

Desenvolvimento Inicial De Quatro Especies Nativas Do Cerrado Sob Diferentes Dosagens De Composto Organico, Em Uma Cascalheira, Em Diamantina, Minas Gerais

Decomposition of Arboreal Legume Fractions in a Silvopastoral System

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