“…In fact, recent reports describing the effects of progesterone on the expression of chorionic gonadotrophin (CG) α and β subunit genes in the human placenta (Rao et al, 1995) and corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) gene in human trophoblast cell cultures (Karalis et al, 1996) provide sufficient evidence to suggest that placenta itself can be a target tissue for the action of progesterone, though it has not been possible to accept this suggestion with certainity due to several conflicting reports in the literature (McCormick et al, 1981;Younes et al, 1981;Rivera and Cano, 1989;Padayachi et al, 1990;Karalis et al, 1996). Although it has been reported (Karalis et al, 1996) that human PR immunoreactivity could not be detected in trophoblast cells isolated from term placenta, studies (Rossmanith et al, 1997) as well as our own provide definitive evidence for the presence of PR in the human placenta.…”