Estradiol regulates insulin signaling and inflammation in adipose tissue

Shen, Meikun; Kumar, Shiva Priya Dharshan Senthil; Shi, Haifei

doi:10.1515/hmbci-2014-0007

Cited by 37 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In the present study we used female mice because they are more resistant to diet-induced metabolic changes [7]. The female sex hormones are thought to be protective against metabolic syndrome and low-grade inflammation [8, 45, 46]. In humans, there are fewer incidents of obesity-related metabolic disorders prior to menopause in women [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low-carbohydrate high-fat diet decreases lean mass and impairs cardiac function in pair-fed female C57BL/6J mice

Nilsson¹,

Ericsson²,

Joibari³

et al. 2016

Nutr Metab (Lond)

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BackgroundExcess body fat is a major health issue and a risk factor for the development of numerous chronic diseases. Low-carbohydrate diets like the Atkins Diet are popular for rapid weight loss, but the long-term consequences remain the subject of debate. The Scandinavian low-carbohydrate high-fat (LCHF) diet, which has been popular in Scandinavian countries for about a decade, has very low carbohydrate content (~5 E %) but is rich in fat and includes a high proportion of saturated fatty acids. Here we investigated the metabolic and physiological consequences of a diet with a macronutrient composition similar to the Scandinavian LCHF diet and its effects on the organs, tissues, and metabolism of weight stable mice.MethodsFemale C57BL/6J mice were iso-energetically pair-fed for 4 weeks with standard chow or a LCHF diet. We measured body composition using echo MRI and the aerobic capacity before and after 2 and 4 weeks on diet. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography before and after 4 weeks on diet. The metabolic rate was measured by indirect calorimetry the fourth week of the diet. Mice were sacrificed after 4 weeks and the organ weight, triglyceride levels, and blood chemistry were analyzed, and the expression of key ketogenic, metabolic, hormonal, and inflammation genes were measured in the heart, liver, and adipose tissue depots of the mice using real-time PCR.ResultsThe increase in body weight of mice fed a LCHF diet was similar to that in controls. However, while control mice maintained their body composition throughout the study, LCHF mice gained fat mass at the expense of lean mass after 2 weeks. The LCHF diet increased cardiac triglyceride content, impaired cardiac function, and reduced aerobic capacity. It also induced pronounced alterations in gene expression and substrate metabolism, indicating a unique metabolic state.ConclusionsPair-fed mice eating LCHF increased their percentage of body fat at the expense of lean mass already after 2 weeks, and after 4 weeks the function of the heart deteriorated. These findings highlight the urgent need to investigate the effects of a LCHF diet on health parameters in humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low-carbohydrate high-fat diet decreases lean mass and impairs cardiac function in pair-fed female C57BL/6J mice

Nilsson¹,

Ericsson²,

Joibari³

et al. 2016

Nutr Metab (Lond)

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“…The protection against the development of liver cancer in carcinogen-treated mice also depends on ERα-mediated estrogen signaling of forkhead box protein A (Foxa) factors such as Foxa1 and Foxa2 [101] pioneer transcription factors in the liver, crucial for steroid hormone signalling (estrogens and androgens) as essential controllers of variations of liver cancer in terms of gender [95]. The integrative genomic analysis showed that the risk of HCC in women might be associated with the SERPINA6-rs1998056 regulated by FOXA/ERα [102].…”

Section: Relationship Between Estrogens/ers and Hbv-related Acute LIVmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Hormone-Dependent Physiology and Diseases of Liver

Kur

Kolasa

Misiakiewicz-Has

et al. 2020

IJERPH

109

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Sexual dimorphism is associated not only with somatic and behavioral differences between men and women, but also with physiological differences reflected in organ metabolism. Genes regulated by sex hormones differ in expression in various tissues, which is especially important in the case of liver metabolism, with the liver being a target organ for sex hormones as its cells express estrogen receptors (ERs: ERα, also known as ESR1 or NR3A; ERβ; GPER (G protein-coupled ER, also known as GPR 30)) and the androgen receptor (AR) in both men and women. Differences in sex hormone levels and sex hormone-specific gene expression are mentioned as some of the main variations in causes of the incidence of hepatic diseases; for example, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is more common in men, while women have an increased risk of autoimmune liver disease and show more acute liver failure symptoms in alcoholic liver disease. In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the distinction is less pronounced, but increased incidences are suggested among men and postmenopausal women, probably due to an increased tendency towards visceral fat accumulation.

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“…Recently, we demonstrated that HCR rats are protected from early development (i.e., ϳ11 wk postsurgery) of OVX-induced IR assessed by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (47) and found that, unlike HCR rats, LCR rats had an exaggerated insulin response to a glucose tolerance test. Additionally, white (WAT) and brown adipose tissues (BAT) are gaining appreciation as also being important tissues in whole body glucose regulation (26) and may influence changes in glucose metabolism associated with both loss of ovarian hormones (39) and low aerobic capacity (44). It is known that ovary-intact female HCR rats display 30 -50% greater insulin-induced glucose uptake and oxidation in skeletal muscle compared with LCR rats (35).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ovariectomy and intrinsic aerobic capacity on tissue-specific insulin sensitivity

Park

Rector

Thyfault

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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High-capacity running (HCR) rats are protected against the early (i.e., ∼ 11 wk postsurgery) development of ovariectomy (OVX)-induced insulin resistance (IR) compared with low-capacity running (LCR) rats. The purpose of this study was to utilize the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp to determine whether 1) HCR rats remain protected from OVX-induced IR when the time following OVX is extended to 27 wk and 2) tissue-specific glucose uptake differences are responsible for the protection in HCR rats under sedentary conditions. Female HCR and LCR rats (n = 40; aged ∼ 22 wk) randomly received either OVX or sham (SHM) surgeries and then underwent the clamp 27 wk following surgeries. [3-(3)H]glucose was used to determine glucose clearance, whereas 2-[(14)C]deoxyglucose (2-DG) was used to assess glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, brown adipose tissue (BAT), subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT), and visceral WAT. OVX decreased the glucose infusion rate and glucose clearance in both lines, but HCR had better insulin sensitivity than LCR (P < 0.05). In both lines, OVX significantly reduced glucose uptake in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles; however, HCR showed ∼ 40% greater gastrocnemius glucose uptake compared with LCR (P < 0.05). HCR also exhibited greater glucose uptake in BAT and visceral WAT compared with LCR (P < 0.05), yet these tissues were not affected by OVX in either line. In conclusion, OVX impairs insulin sensitivity in both HCR and LCR rats, likely driven by impairments in insulin-mediated skeletal muscle glucose uptake. HCR rats have greater skeletal muscle, BAT, and WAT insulin-mediated glucose uptake, which may aid in protection against OVX-associated insulin resistance.

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Estradiol regulates insulin signaling and inflammation in adipose tissue

Cited by 37 publications

References 46 publications

A low-carbohydrate high-fat diet decreases lean mass and impairs cardiac function in pair-fed female C57BL/6J mice

A low-carbohydrate high-fat diet decreases lean mass and impairs cardiac function in pair-fed female C57BL/6J mice

Sex Hormone-Dependent Physiology and Diseases of Liver

Effects of ovariectomy and intrinsic aerobic capacity on tissue-specific insulin sensitivity

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