Estrogen and the prefrontal cortex: Towards a new understanding of estrogen's effects on executive functions in the menopause transition

Shanmugan, Sheila; Epperson, C. Neill

doi:10.1002/hbm.22218

Cited by 179 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 192 publications

(296 reference statements)

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“…(d) Onset of sex differences in affective disorders and female-specific mood disorders at puberty. Ovarian hormones modulate brain neurochemistry, structure, and function (Shanmugan and Epperson, 2014;Hantsoo and Epperson, 2015). (e) Prenatal stress contributes to risk for diseases that exhibit sex differences across the life span (Goldstein et al, 2014).…”

Section: Sex Differences Related To Sex Chromosomes and Hormones And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex as a Biological Variable: Who, What, When, Why, and How

Bale

Epperson

2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

125

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The inclusion of sex as a biological variable in research is absolutely essential for improving our understanding of disease mechanisms contributing to risk and resilience. Studies focusing on examining sex differences have demonstrated across many levels of analyses and stages of brain development and maturation that males and females can differ significantly. This review will discuss examples of animal models and clinical studies to provide guidance and reference for the inclusion of sex as an important biological variable relevant to a Neuropsychopharmacology audience.

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Section: Sex Differences Related To Sex Chromosomes and Hormones And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex as a Biological Variable: Who, What, When, Why, and How

Bale

Epperson

2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

125

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“…Working memory and other "top-down" cognitive functions have long been known to depend on the PFC. The PFC is vulnerable to stress (McEwen and Gianaros 2011) and is affected by decreased estrogen levels in women (Shanmugan and Epperson 2014).…”

Section: Alterations In Cb1r and Grs In The Stress Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids reverse the effects of early stress on neurocognitive performance in adulthood

2016

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Early life stress (ES) significantly increases predisposition to psychopathologies. Cannabinoids may cause cognitive deficits and exacerbate the effects of ES. Nevertheless, the endocannabinoid system has been suggested as a therapeutic target for the treatment of stress-and anxiety-related disorders. Here we examined whether cannabinoids administered during "late adolescence" (extensive cannabis use in humans at the ages 18 -25) could reverse the long-term adverse effects of ES on neurocognitive function in adulthood. Male and female rats were exposed to ES during post-natal days (P) 7-14, injected with the cannabinoid CB1/2 receptor agonist WIN55,212-2 (WIN; 1.2 mg/kg, i.p.) for 2 wk during late adolescence (P45 -60) and tested in adulthood (P90) for working memory, anxiety, and alterations in CB1 receptors (CB1r), and glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) in the stress circuit [hippocampus, prefrontal cortex (PFC), and basolateral amygdala (BLA)]. ES males and females exhibited impaired performance in short-term memory in adulthood in the spatial location and social recognition tasks; males were also impaired in the novel object recognition task. WIN administered during late adolescence prevented these stress-induced impairments and reduced anxiety levels. WIN normalized the ES-induced up-regulation in PFC-GRs and CA1 -CB1r in females. In males, WIN normalized the ES-induced up-regulation in PFC-GR and down-regulation in BLA-CB1r. There is a crucial role of the endocannabinoid system in the effects of early life stress on behavior at adulthood. Differences in recognition memory and in the expression of GRs and CB1r in the fear circuit suggest sex differences in the mechanism underlying coping with stress.

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“…Moreover, hormonal changes at puberty and in middle-age (i.e., menopause) may differentially influence the cognitive aging trajectory of women, compared to men (Janicki & Schupf, 2010;Keenan, Ezzat, Ginsburg, & Moore, 2001;Shanmugan & Epperson, 2014). Thus, biological differences in men and women may impact executive control performance, in a manner that could also interact with other factors, such as bilingualism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilingual Experience and Executive Control over the Adult Lifespan: The Role of Biological Sex

Subramaniapillai¹,

Rajah²,

Pasvanis³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Cite this article as: Subramaniapillai, S., Rajah, M.N., Pasvanis, S., Titone, D. (2018 We investigated whether bilingual language experience over the lifespan impacts women and men in a manner that differentially buffers against age-related declines in executive control.To this end, we investigated whether executive control performance in a lifespan sample of adult women and men were differentially impacted by individual differences in bilingual language experience, assessed using an unspeeded measure of executive control, the Wisconsin Card SortTest. The results suggested that women showed both the greatest degree of age-related decline across WCST measures, and a greater likelihood than men to express improved performance as a function of increased bilingual experience. We consider implications of this finding for advancing our understanding of the relation between bilingualism and cognition, and also the effects of biological sex on cognitive aging. 4

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Estrogen and the prefrontal cortex: Towards a new understanding of estrogen's effects on executive functions in the menopause transition

Cited by 179 publications

References 192 publications

Sex as a Biological Variable: Who, What, When, Why, and How

Sex as a Biological Variable: Who, What, When, Why, and How

Cannabinoids reverse the effects of early stress on neurocognitive performance in adulthood

Bilingual Experience and Executive Control over the Adult Lifespan: The Role of Biological Sex

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