“…Concentrations of individual contaminants and mixtures determined in this study have been shown to have adverse effects in a wide range of animals, including mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and fish (20)(21)(22)(23). Some of the effects described are as follows: alterations of growth and development (24), poor hatching success (22), alterations of the reproductive and nervous system (25,26), learning and behavioral deficits retained throughout life (27,28), abnormalities of the liver and other organ systems (29,30), and endocrine disruption (29,31). Studies have also shown that these contaminants in combination can increase adverse effects by several orders of magnitude (32,33).…”