Ethanol extract of propolis inhibits nitric oxide synthase gene expression and enzyme activity

Song, Yun Seon; Park, Eun-Hee; Hur, Gang Min; Ryu, Young Sue; Kim, Yong Man; Jin, Changbae

doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(02)00023-5

Cited by 62 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These findings come in accordance with those of Song et al (2002) who suggested that PP exerts its antiinflammatory effect by inhibiting nitric oxide synthase gene expression and enzyme activity. The mechanism of iNOS inhibition included theaction on the NF-kappa B sites in the iNOS promoter and hence iNOS gene downregulation and by thedirect inhibition of the catalytic activity of iNOS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Hepato- and neuro-protective influences of biopropolis on thioacetamide-induced acute hepatic encephalopathy in rats

Mostafa

Salama

Abdel-Rahman

et al. 2017

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

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Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome ultimately occurs as a complication of acute or chronic liver failure; accompanied by hyperammonemia. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of biopropolis as a hepato and neuroprotective agent using thioacetamide (TAA)-induced acute HE in rats as a model. Sixty Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Group 1 (normal control) received only saline and paraffin oil.Group 2 (hepatotoxic control) received TAA (300 mg/kg, once). Groups 3, 4 and 5 received TAA followed by vitamin E (100 mg/kg) and biopropolis (100 and 200 mg/kg), respectively, daily for 30 days. Evidences of hepatic encephalopathy were clearly detected in TAA-hepatotoxic group including significant elevation in the serum level of ammonia, liver functions, increased oxidative stress in liver and brain, apoptotic DNA fragmentation and overexpression of iNOS gene in brain tissue. The findings for groups administered biopropolis, highlighted its efficacy as a hepato and neuro-protectant through improving the liver functions, oxidative status and DNA fragmentation as well as suppressing the brain expression of iNOS gene. In conclusion, bioproplois, at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day protected against TAA-induced HE through its antioxidant and antiapoptotic influence; therefore, it can be used as a protective natural product.Keywords: Biopropolis; hepatic encephalopathy; thioacetamide; iNOS; vitamin E. IntroductionHepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome resulting from acute or chronic liver failure (Lizardi-Cervera et al. 2003). HE affects a huge number of patients worldwide leading to a mortality rate of 50 to 90% (Raghavan and Marik 2006). HE causes a wide range of clinical manifestations, including psychomotor dysfunctions, sensory abnormalities, poor concentration, increased reaction time and impaired memory. Patients commonly develop stupor, coma and death in severe cases.The mechanism of HE has not been fully explained. However, hyper-ammonemia has been suggested to play the main role in HE pathogenesis and to be responsible for the direct and indirect alterations in cerebral metabolism and hence encephalopathy (Frederick 2011;Mustafa et al. 2013).Thioacetamide (TAA) is used to induce an experimental rat model mimicking acute hepatic failure and HE. This model has been validated to be a satisfactory model of HE (Avraham et al. 2006). TAA undergoes extensive metabolism to highly reactive metabolites that binds to liver macromolecules resulting in hepatic necrosis, hyperammonemia (Swapna et al. 2006) and extensive oxidative stress (Sathyasaikumar et al. 2007). Studies demonstrated that centrilobular necrosis is apparent after single dose of TAA, while cirrhosis, liver cell adenomas and liver cancer usually develop after chronic administration (Waters et al. 2005).Oxidative stress has long been involved in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic liver damage in many conditions such as toxin exposures, bile duct obstruction, excess alcoholism, liver ischemia, and viral inf...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Hepato- and neuro-protective influences of biopropolis on thioacetamide-induced acute hepatic encephalopathy in rats

Mostafa

Salama

Abdel-Rahman

et al. 2017

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

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“…The biological, physiological and medicinal benefits of propolis have been extensively studied and reviewed in literature (Aliyazicioglu et al, 2005;Banskota et al, 2001;Burdock, 1998;Nagaoka et al, 2003;Song et al, 2002). Among these benefits, the immunomodulatory effect has attracted the most attention (Dimov et al, 1992;Orsolic et al, 2004;Sa-Nunes et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory effects of Turkish propolis: Changes in neopterin release and tryptophan degradation

et al. 2009

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“…The authors concluded that propolis-based products might be used for the treatment of stress (Missima & Sforcin, 2008). Thus, it was shown that ethanol extract of propolis inhibits the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene transcription through action on the NF-kB sites in the iNOS promoter in a concentration-dependent manner (Song et al, 2002). …”

Section: Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Response To Propolis mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by activated macrophages (Song et al, 2002;Hämälänein et al, 2007). The most effective classes of polyphenolic compounds were flavonoids, especially isoflavones and flavones.…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Response To Isolated mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of action underlying the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of propolis: a brief review

Araújo

Libério

Guerra

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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Many biological properties have been attributed to various types of propolis, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor, wound healing, and immunomodulatory activities. This article reviewed studies published that investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of propolis of different origins and/ or its isolated components, focusing on the mechanisms of action underlying this activity and also addressing some aspects of immunomodulatory effects. The search was performed of the following databases: PubMed, Science Direct, HighWire Press, Scielo, Google Academics, Research Gate and ISI Web of Knowledgement. The anti-inflammatory activity was associated with propolis or compounds such as polyphenols (flavonoids, phenolic acids and their esters), terpenoids, steroids and amino acids. CAPE is the most studied compounds. The main mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory activity of propolis included the inhibition of cyclooxygenase and consequent inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis, free radical scavenging, inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis, reduction in the concentration of inflammatory cytokines and immunosuppressive activity. Propolis was found to exert an antiinflammatory activity in vivo and in vitro models of acute and chronic inflammation and others studies, indicating its promising potential as anti-inflammatory agent of natural origin and as a source of chemical compounds for the development of new drugs.

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Ethanol extract of propolis inhibits nitric oxide synthase gene expression and enzyme activity

Cited by 62 publications

References 30 publications

Hepato- and neuro-protective influences of biopropolis on thioacetamide-induced acute hepatic encephalopathy in rats

Hepato- and neuro-protective influences of biopropolis on thioacetamide-induced acute hepatic encephalopathy in rats

Immunomodulatory effects of Turkish propolis: Changes in neopterin release and tryptophan degradation

Mechanisms of action underlying the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of propolis: a brief review

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