Ethanol Fuel Production from Cassava as a Substitute for Gasoline

Production and Characterization of Biofuel from Non-Edible Oils: An Alternative Energy Sources to Petrol Diesel

“…Biodiesel is defined as the mono-alkyl esters of fatty acids derived from a renewable lipid feedstock such as vegetable oils or animal fats [2,16,[36][37]. In simple terms, biodiesel is the product obtained when a vegetable oil or animal fat is chemically reacted with an alcohol to produce fatty acid alkyl esters.…”

“…The production and consumption of petroleum oil increases constantly and it has been reported that about 75 million barrels of crude oil is consumed worldwide daily [1][2][3][4]. Resulting energy crisis as a result of over dependence on fossil fuel as a source of energy have shown that fossil fuels are limited finite resource and the continuous depreciation of the world oil reserves also corroborates the fact that oil is a finite non-renewable source of energy that will ultimately be exhausted [5][6][7][8][9].…”

“…The need to reduce complete dependence on fossil fuel as a sole energy sources and need to source for alternative energy cannot be over emphasized. Presently, biofuel, biogas and bio ethanol are considered as the most promising alternatives in energy generation that can compete with the fossil fuel [2,[11][12]. Biodiesel is produced in some countries and used efficiently either alone or in blends with minerals diesel in cars and transport vehicles.…”

Production and Characterization of Biofuel from Refined Groundnut Oil

“…More so, vegetable oil has good resource for the production of biodiesel through transesterification of different types like canola, rapeseed, soybean oil, rapeseed etc [8]. Interesting results have been reported on the production of biodiesel through transesterification of different kinds of vegetable oil from different parts of the world, such include soybean (United State), rapeseed (Europe), oil palm (South-East Asia), jatropha curcus and rice bran oil (India) [9][10][11][12][13]. Besides, esters from vegetable oils have been reported as the best substitutes for diesel because they do not demand any modification in the diesel engine and have a high energetic yield [14].…”

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of non-starch polysaccharides and starch from fresh tuber of Canna edulis ker at a high solid content for ethanol production

“…Opportunities for improving the potential value of the tuber depend upon expanding or developing their utilization in either fresh or primary processed forms, for example, as a feedstock for ethanol production. Currently, due to rising environmental concerns and the periodic crises that have been experienced in some of the major oil-exporting countries, ethanol has become a viable substitute for gasoline [6,7]. Today, ethanol production mainly depends on corn (USA) and sugarcane (Brazil).…”