Etherification

Krause, A.O.I.; Keskinen, Kari I.

doi:10.1002/9783527610044.hetcat0145

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 98 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Other pathways, such as a direct synthesis of DME from CO 2 and H 2 or parallel chemical reactions (Eqs. (12), ( 13)) on a bi-functional catalyst, were reported by Krause and Keskinen [50]. For the next step, syngas is required that can be produced by reverse water-gas shift reaction, see Eq.…”

Section: Indirect Synthesis Of Diesel Substitutesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Thermodynamic and ecological preselection of synthetic fuel intermediates from biogas at farm sites

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Synthetic fuels based on renewable hydrogen and CO2 are a currently highly discussed piece of the puzzle to defossilize the transport sector. In this regard, CO2 can play a positive role in shaping a sustainable future. Large potentials are available as a product of biogas production, however occurring in small scales and in thin spatial distributions. This work aims to evaluate suitable synthetic fuel products to be produced at farm sites. Methods A thermodynamic analysis to assess the energetic efficiency of synthesis pathways and a qualitative assessment of product handling issues is carried out. Results Regarding the technical and safety-related advantages in storage, liquid products are the superior option for fuel production at decentralized sites. Due to the economy of scale, multi-stage synthesis processes lose economic performance with rising complexity. A method was shown which covers a principle sketch of all necessary reaction, separation steps, and all compression and heat exchanger units. The figures showed that methanol and butanol are the most suitable candidates in contrast to OME3-5 for implementation in existing transportation and fuel systems. These results were underpin by a Gibbs energy analysis. Conclusions As long as safety regulations are met and the farm can guarantee safe storage and transport, farm-site production for all intermediates can be realized technically. Ultimately, this work points out that the process must be kept as simple as possible, favoring methanol production at farm site and its further processing to more complicated fuels in large units for several fuel pathways.

show abstract

Section: Indirect Synthesis Of Diesel Substitutesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Thermodynamic and ecological preselection of synthetic fuel intermediates from biogas at farm sites

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Scientists are making efforts to develop new processes for increasing productivity of new tertiary ethers from bio based raw materials. (1) Diisobutylene is mainly made of 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene (TMP-1) and 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentene (TMP-2). Etherification of diisobutylene with methanol produces 2-Methoxy-2,4,4-trimethylpentane (TOME).…”

Section: Tertiary Ethers Are Used As Gasoline Additives Methyl Tertimentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements and modeling of LLE and HE for (methanol + 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene), and LLE for (water + methanol + 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene)

Mardani

Laavi

Bouget

et al. 2015

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…One processing example of such a stream is the etherification of a C4 alkane and alkene containing process stream. The etherification unit decreases the alkene content, and product vapor pressure, increases the octane number of the fuel, and is one method to introduce bioethanol to the gasoline pool . A substantially larger amount of C4 alkanes can be blended into the gasoline as light components by the utilization of ethers, without compromising gasoline vapor pressure specifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium for Dimethyl Disulfide + Butane, +trans-But-2-ene, + 2-Methylpropane, + 2-Methylpropene, + Ethanol, and 2-Ethoxy-2-methylpropane

Uusi–Kyyny¹,

Sapei²,

Pokki³

et al. 2011

J. Chem. Eng. Data

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Isothermal vaporÀliquid equilibrium (VLE) of binary systems of dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) þ butane, þ trans-but-2-ene, þ 2-methylpropane, and þ 2-methylpropene was measured at 350 K with a static total pressure apparatus. The measured data were reduced to phase equilibrium data with the Barker's method. Additionally, a circulation still was used to measure isothermal VLE of binary systems of DMDS þ ethanol and þ 2-ethoxy-2-methylpropane (ETBE) at 343.15 K. The DMDS þ ethanol system showed azeotropic behavior. All binary systems measured exhibited a positive deviation from Raoult's Law.

show abstract

Etherification

Abstract: The sections in this article are Scope Introduction and History of Tertiary Ethers Chemistry Main Etherification Reactions Most Important Side Reactions Thermodynamics of Ether Reactions Kinetic Models Other Ethers … Show more

Cited by 5 publications

References 98 publications

Thermodynamic and ecological preselection of synthetic fuel intermediates from biogas at farm sites

Thermodynamic and ecological preselection of synthetic fuel intermediates from biogas at farm sites

Measurements and modeling of LLE and HE for (methanol + 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene), and LLE for (water + methanol + 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene)

Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium for Dimethyl Disulfide + Butane, +trans-But-2-ene, + 2-Methylpropane, + 2-Methylpropene, + Ethanol, and 2-Ethoxy-2-methylpropane

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About