Ethiopia's water resources, policies, and institutions

Ludi, Eva; Terefe, Bethel; Calow, Roger; Birhane, G.

doi:10.3362/9781780447636.002

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…To ensure these provisions, particularly for managing water resources, the federal government and regional states established the Ministry of Water and Bureaus of Water, respectively. Furthermore, in accordance with the Constitution, the Federal Government issued a Water Resources Management Policy and Strategy in 1999 and 2000, respectively [31] Researchers [6,7,32,33], however, argue that although reforms for decentralization aim to increase the effectiveness of water sector activities, the government would not keep its promises when confronted with political, socio-economic, and legal contexts from different actors in the country. An analysis of the legal framework concerning water resources use and management reveals that existing laws lack sufficient clarity in terms of assigning mandates and responsibilities based on the administrative regional states and river (lakes) basins.…”

Section: The Decentralized Resource Development Discourse/narrativementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effectiveness of decentralization can also be judged from the capacities of water management offices in their respective administrative tiers (in terms of budgetary allocation and management, technologies used, managerial capacities, operations, and maintenance of water infrastructure), where they are to be found ill-equipped in all aspects. Furthermore, field observations and the results of previous studies have identified serious weaknesses in these capacities [32].…”

Section: The Decentralized Resource Development Discourse/narrativementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, there has been weak institutional coordination among different sectors directly or indirectly involved in the management of water resources [70]. Third, there is a lack of organizational capacity for water governance at all levels, from the local to the federal [32,71]. Fourth, there is a dearth of reliable long-term data on hydrometeorology and hydrology, as well as on the potential of the basin's water resources, as required for better planning.…”

Section: Weak Institutions and Weak Water Use System Narrativementioning

confidence: 99%

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Voices in Shaping Water Governance: Exploring Discourses in the Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia

Bantider

Tadesse

Mersha

et al. 2023

Water

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As is the case elsewhere in the world, water governance in Ethiopia is a by-product of a complex set of various global and local socio-political, economic, and ecological discourses and narratives. However, the many competitive and often conflicting discourses on shaping water governance in the Ethiopian Central Rift Valley (CRV) have not been examined and chronicled. This paper investigates the different discourses, narratives, and debates of water governance and their implications for satisfying the growing demand for water. The study was grounded in political economy and political ecology theoretical frameworks. Data were collected through literature surveys and intensive fieldwork, and were analyzed following a discourse analysis and using narrative analysis techniques. The study found that the dominant competing discourses that have greatly influenced water governance in the CRV focus on decentralization, water-centered development, marketization, land/water degradation, climate change, water scarcity, and weak water governance. We suggest that the analysis and documentation of the diverse narratives and discourses from multiple perspectives could help to unravel the complex nature of water governance in the CRV and lay the foundation for attempts to implement sustainable water resource management in the region.

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Section: The Decentralized Resource Development Discourse/narrativementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Decentralized Resource Development Discourse/narrativementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Weak Institutions and Weak Water Use System Narrativementioning

confidence: 99%

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Voices in Shaping Water Governance: Exploring Discourses in the Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia

Bantider

Tadesse

Mersha

et al. 2023

Water

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“…In most parts of Ethiopia, the low public investment and insufficient tariffs in urban water supply systems have resulted in low levels of service, rationing, and unscheduled disruptions (World Bank 1996). Running the existing water supply system in Ethiopia is constrained by an enormous financial gap, which creates a burden for the government (Brixi 2009;Butterworth et al 2013;Ludi et al 2013). For example, the government covers nearly 44% of the financial costs of the entire water supply program in the country, and the remaining 56% is covered by external support agencies (Tarfasa 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valuing the water supply: ecosystem-based potable water supply management for the Legedadie-Dire catchments, Central Ethiopia

2019

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Background: There is a substantial interest in the values that consumers place on drinking water quality and supply. Financial resources are crucial to improving the urban potable water supply in developing countries that are characterized by low-cost recovery rates and a high and rapidly growing demand for more reliable services. This study examined households' willingness to pay (WTP) for the improvement of water services by identifying their water choice decisions and the mode of water supply that they prefer the water supply authority to use among several alternative water supply options. Stated-preference data were collected from 322 randomly selected households in Addis Ababa, who were presented with three sets of choices (three alternative bundle choices, including the reference scenario). The data were analyzed using the mixed logit WTP space model. Three approaches to modeling the distribution of WTP (fixed, uncorrelated, and correlated) using mixed logit WTP space models were compared. Results: Three-quarters of the households agreed to contribute money toward ecosystem-based water supply management (EBWSM) intervention programs on a monthly basis. The average contribution that the respondents were willing to pay was 150.5 Ethiopian Birr (ETB) as a one-off lump sum to kick off the EBWSM activities. Most of the respondents chose a bundle of water supply options that provides risk-free and high-quality water with no months of shortages than moderate water quality that is safe to drink and palatable with 1 month shortages annually. This implies that households would need to be supplied with risk-free, high-quality water without interruption at an appropriate flow pressure. The model with correlations fitted the data well with the highest simulated log-likelihoods at convergence and gave the best estimate of the households' WTP for water improvement. Nearly 46% of the sampled households were willing to pay more than 33 ETB per month, and 49% of the households were willing to pay between 21 ETB and 33 ETB per month for the monthly water bill. Overall, approximately 95% of the sampled households were willing to pay more than 21 ETB. Conclusion: Customers are willing to pay to avoid most types of water supply restrictions. Moreover, WTP is sensitive to the scope of service improvement, income, affixed price, and elicitation method. In summary, mixed logit WTP-space models can help accurately predict household-level WTP, which can be used to select improvements in drinking water access and services in the Legedadie-Dire catchments.

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“…As a result, there have been advances in the levels of knowledge and expertise in DRM (Few et al 2014). Ethiopia has advanced early warning systems (Tadele & Manyena 2009), particularly related to drought and food security (Ludi et al 2013). There is also a large body of research on DRR, climate adaptation and vulnerability in Ethiopia (Ludi et al 2011;Silva Vilanueva 2011).…”

Section: Current Research In Ethiopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethiopian volcanic hazards: a changing research landscape

Vye-Brown

Sparks

Lewi

et al. 2016

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Collaborative research projects have a significant role in filling the knowledge gaps that are obstacles to the rigorous assessment of volcanic hazards in some locations. Research is essential to generate the evidence on which raising awareness of volcanic hazards, monitoring and early warning systems, risk reduction activities and efforts to increase resilience can be built. We report the current state of volcanic hazards research and practice in Ethiopia and on the collaborative process used in the Afar Rift Consortium project to promote awareness of volcanic hazards. Effective dissemination of findings to stakeholders and the integration of results in existing practice needs: leadership by in-country researchers, effective long-term collaboration with other researchers (e.g. international groups) and operational scientists, in addition to integration with existing programmes related to disaster risk reduction initiatives.There is an increasing need for the science-based characterisation of natural hazards to support risk assessment and disaster risk management (DRM) programmes (Alcántara-Ayala et al. 2015; United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015a). This need exists at local, national and global levels and requires the engagement of individuals, communities, governments and international agencies (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015b). Ensuring that externally funded scientific research plays an effective and timely role in DRM at all levels requires collaboration with in-country scientists (Paton et al. 2008;Mercer et al. 2010). It also requires the generation and application of a variety of tools and products that meet the needs and expectations of users.Volcanic eruptions are one of the few natural phenomena that can have consequences at a global level. Volcanic activity can result in loss of life (~280,000 since AD 1600, Auker et al. 2013), as well as environmental, social and economic losses (e.g. Gencer 2013). However, it was not until the moderately sized eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland in 2010 caused serious disruption to air traffic across the northern hemisphere (Þorkelsson 2012) that the potential global impact from erupting volcanoes became widely acknowledged. The Eyjafjallajökull 2010 eruption accumulated about US$ 5 billion of global economic losses and adversely affected long-haul aviation, trade and travel around the world (Ragona et al. 2011).Volcanic hazards have subsequently been included in global hazards and risk initiatives, such as the Global Assessment Report (GAR; United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015b). The 2015 GAR (GAR15) aimed to 'promote the integration of disaster risk management into development by raising the awareness that managing risks cost less than managing disasters' (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction 2016). As a global level report, GAR15 had a coarse resolution to highlight comparable risks. Assessments at a finer resolution (national and local scales) are the responsibility of the...

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Ethiopia's water resources, policies, and institutions

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Voices in Shaping Water Governance: Exploring Discourses in the Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia

Voices in Shaping Water Governance: Exploring Discourses in the Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia

Valuing the water supply: ecosystem-based potable water supply management for the Legedadie-Dire catchments, Central Ethiopia

Ethiopian volcanic hazards: a changing research landscape

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