Ethnic and racial socialization and self‐esteem of Asian adoptees: The mediating role of multiple identities

Mohanty, Jayashree

doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.10.003

Cited by 49 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Rivas-Drake et al, 2014). Similar results come from adoptive literature: some studies confirmed a positive influence of a strong ethnic identity on adopted adolescents and young adults' psychological well-being (Basow et al, 2008;Mohanty, 2013), while others found no significant differences in adjustment related to the degree of ethnic identity (Castle et al, 2011).…”

Section: Ethnic Identity and Self-esteem: The Moderating Effect Of Nasupporting

confidence: 84%

Transracial adoptees bridging heritage and national cultures: Parental socialisation, ethnic identity and self‐esteem

et al. 2015

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Transracial adoptees represent a specific group of immigrants who experience unique immigration processes that bring them face-to-face with two cultural backgrounds: that of their heritage culture on one hand and that of their national culture on the other hand. However, there is a scarcity of studies focused on the way these processes unfold within adoptive families. This study was aimed at exploring how transracial adoptees cope with the construction of their ethnic identity. Administering a self-report questionnaire to 127 transracial adoptees and their mothers, for a total of 254 participants, we first investigated the association between mothers' cultural socialisation (enculturation and preparation for bias strategies) and adoptees' ethnic identity (i.e. ethnic identity exploration and ethnic identity affirmation dimensions). We then investigated whether ethnic identity affects self-esteem by testing the hypothesis that national identity moderates the relationship between ethnic identity and self-esteem. Results revealed that mothers' enculturation (but not their preparation for bias) supported adoptees' ethnic identity exploration, which in turn was positively associated with ethnic identity affirmation. Moreover, we confirmed the moderation effect: ethnic identity affirmation enhanced the level of self-esteem, but only for those adoptees who perceived a higher degree of national identity affirmation.

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Section: Ethnic Identity and Self-esteem: The Moderating Effect Of Nasupporting

confidence: 84%

Transracial adoptees bridging heritage and national cultures: Parental socialisation, ethnic identity and self‐esteem

et al. 2015

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“…In doing so, we develop a more comprehensive view of parenting approaches to add to the understanding of how parents engage in racial and ethnic socialization with transracially adopted children. In addition, although studies have typically focused on children adopted from a particular country (e.g., Kim, Reichwald, & Lee, ; Song & Lee, ) or limited their focus to a single ethnic or racial group (e.g., Butler‐Sweet, ; Crolley‐Simic & Vonk, 2011; Mohanty, ; Samuels, ), we included parents who have adopted Latino, Black, and biracial children domestically, as well as parents with children from Africa, the Caribbean, Latin American, and Asian countries to expand understanding of how socialization strategies that parents use vary by the racial or ethnic background of the child.…”

Section: Background On Transracial Adoptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Color‐Blind and Color‐Conscious: Approaches to Racial Socialization Among Parents of Transracially Adopted Children

Killian

Khanna

2019

Family Relations

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Objective To examine how parents of transracially adopted children think about and practice ethnic–racial socialization. Background Previous research has highlighted how some parents are color‐blind and others are color‐conscious, yet these 2 categorizations fail to cover the range and fluidity of adoptive parents' approaches to ethnic socialization. Method Semistructured interviews were conducted with 34 parents of children with Asian, Latino, and Black ancestry. Parents were recruited through adoption agencies and support groups, personal contacts, and snowball sampling and were asked about attempts and concerns in ethnically and racially socializing their children. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded for common themes using the grounded theory method. Results Some parents downplayed race/ethnicity, but our findings elucidate their range of motivations from “protecting” their children from a racialized society to prioritizing other goals. More parents attempted to ethnically socialize but did so in varied ways, such as buying consumer items or forging relationships with people of their children's ethnic group. Compared with “color‐conscious” parents of Asian and Latino children, “color‐conscious” parents of Black children were more likely to emphasize preparation for bias. Conclusion Adoptive parents can vacillate between minimizing the impact of race to talking about steps taken to ethnically socialize children. Some parents note a profound change in their perspective at some point after adopting their children. Implications Delving into more than 2 approaches to ethnic socialization and identifying changes over time affords a deeper understanding of parents' perspectives and behaviors and helps researchers interpret the mixed results found in past studies.

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“…Related research findings suggest that the promotive effect of ethnic socialization on youth outcomes is mediated by a strong ethnic identity (Gartner, Kiang, & Supple, 2014;Mohanty, 2013;Umaña-Taylor et al, 2014). They also highlight the promotive benefit of ethnic identity that provides youth with confidence and a positive self-concept, which contribute to improved school achievement and life satisfaction.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic socialization, ethnic identity, life satisfaction and school achievement of Roma ethnic minority youth

Dimitrova

Johnson

Vijver

2017

Journal of Adolescence

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This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Explaining Positive Adaptation of Immigrant Youth across Cultures. This study tested a mediation model of ethnic socialization (i.e., parental practices that promote children's knowledge about their history, heritage culture, cultural authenticity, and ethnic bias management) in Roma youth. Roma are the largest ethnic minority group in Europe subjected to severe discrimination, both currently and historically. Participants were 202 Roma youth aged 14 to 19 years old (M ¼ 16.25, 53% females), who provided selfreports on their experience of ethnic socialization, ethnic identity, school achievement, and life satisfaction. Cultural pride reinforcement was related to better school achievement, whereas cultural coping with antagonism was positively related to life satisfaction. The study confirmed the model in that ethnic socialization was positively related to life satisfaction through effects on ethnic identity but negatively associated with school achievement. Findings have implications for adaptive cultural mechanisms promoting positive developmental outcomes among historically disadvantaged groups including those intersecting immigrant and multigenerational ethnic minority group categories.

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Ethnic and racial socialization and self‐esteem of Asian adoptees: The mediating role of multiple identities

Cited by 49 publications

References 45 publications

Transracial adoptees bridging heritage and national cultures: Parental socialisation, ethnic identity and self‐esteem

Transracial adoptees bridging heritage and national cultures: Parental socialisation, ethnic identity and self‐esteem

Beyond Color‐Blind and Color‐Conscious: Approaches to Racial Socialization Among Parents of Transracially Adopted Children

Ethnic socialization, ethnic identity, life satisfaction and school achievement of Roma ethnic minority youth

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