Ethnic differences in femur geometry in the women's health initiative observational study

Nelson, David A.; Beck, Thomas; Wu, Guanglin; Lewis, Cora E.; Bassford, Tamsen; Cauley, Jane A.; LeBoff, Meryl S.; Going, Scott B.; Chen, Zhiyong

doi:10.1007/s00198-010-1349-4

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Studies have also described geometric differences for Mexican-American and Native American women (267). Higher BMD in Mexican-American women was due to a smaller size of bone, not greater bone mineral content.…”

Section: Skeletal Risk Factors For Fracturementioning

confidence: 95%

Health Disparities in Endocrine Disorders: Biological, Clinical, and Nonclinical Factors—An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement

Golden

Brown

Cauley

et al. 2012

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

344

282

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Several themes emerged in the statement, including a need for basic science, population-based, translational and health services studies to explore underlying mechanisms contributing to endocrine health disparities. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks have worse outcomes and higher mortality from certain disorders despite having a lower (e.g. macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus and osteoporotic fractures) or similar (e.g. thyroid cancer) incidence of these disorders. Obesity is an important contributor to diabetes risk in minority populations and to sex disparities in thyroid cancer, suggesting that population interventions targeting weight loss may favorably impact a number of endocrine disorders. There are important implications regarding the definition of obesity in different race/ethnic groups, including potential underestimation of disease risk in Asian-Americans and overestimation in non-Hispanic black women. Ethnic-specific cut-points for central obesity should be determined so that clinicians can adequately assess metabolic risk. There is little evidence that genetic differences contribute significantly to race/ethnic disparities in the endocrine disorders examined. Multilevel interventions have reduced disparities in diabetes care, and these successes can be modeled to design similar interventions for other endocrine diseases.

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Section: Skeletal Risk Factors For Fracturementioning

confidence: 95%

Health Disparities in Endocrine Disorders: Biological, Clinical, and Nonclinical Factors—An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement

Golden

Brown

Cauley

et al. 2012

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

344

282

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This contrasts with patterns of considerable population variability associated with bone remodeling, once maturation is achieved. The variation that gets the most attention is associated with clinically relevant bone loss: osteopenia and osteoporosis (Nelson et al, 2011; Warden et al, 2013; Sheu et al, 2014; Shin et al, 2014; Zhou et al, 2014). The etiology of low bone mass in late adulthood is to some degree linked to the acquisition of peak bone mass in youth, which appears to be highly heritable (Burnham and Leonard, 2008), but is also influenced by environmental factors (Tveit et al, 2015; Weaver, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical bone histomorphology of known‐age skeletons from the Kirsten collection, Stellenbosch university, South Africa

Pfeiffer

Heinrich

Beresheim

et al. 2016

American J Phys Anthropol

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ObjectivesNormal human bone tissue changes predictably as adults get older, but substantial variability in pattern and pace remains unexplained. Information is needed regarding the characteristics of histological variables across diverse human populations.MethodsUndecalcified thin sections from mid‐thoracic ribs of 213 skeletons (138 M, 75 F, 17–82 years, mean age 48 years), are used to explore the efficacy of an established age‐at‐death estimation method and methodological approach (Cho et al.: J Forensic Sci 47 (2002) 12‐18) and expand on it. The ribs are an age‐balanced sample taken from skeletonized cadavers collected from 1967 to 1999 in South Africa, each with recorded sex, age, cause of death and government‐defined population group (129 “Colored,” 49 “Black,” 35 “White”).ResultsThe Ethnicity Unknown equation performs better than those developed for European‐Americans and African‐Americans, in terms of accuracy and bias. A new equation based solely on the study sample does not improve accuracy. Osteon population densities (OPD) show predicted values, yet secondary osteon areas (On.Ar) are smaller than expected for non‐Black subgroups. Relative cortical area (Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar) is low among non‐Whites.ConclusionsResults from this highly diverse sample show that population‐specific equations do not increase estimate precision. While within the published range of error for the method (±24.44 years), results demonstrate a systematic under‐aging of young adults and over‐aging of older adults. The regression approach is inappropriate. The field needs fresh approaches to statistical treatment and to factors behind cortical bone remodeling. Am J Phys Anthropol 160:137–147, 2016. © 2016 The Authors American Journal of Physical Anthropology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Interestingly, Kaptoge et al noted that women in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) who later experienced hip fractures had lower femoral neck BMD not only because their femoral necks had less mineral mass but larger diameters than fracture free individuals (16). African Americans who experience fewer osteoporotic fractures than whites have higher femoral neck BMD not because they have stronger bones but because their bones are narrower (16).…”

Section: Methods Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measurement of Hip Geometry—Technical Background

Beck¹,

Broy

2015

Journal of Clinical Densitometry

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Ethnic differences in femur geometry in the women's health initiative observational study

Abstract: Differences in the geometry at the proximal femur are consistent with the lower hip fracture rates among AA and MA women compared to whites.

Cited by 45 publications

References 31 publications

Health Disparities in Endocrine Disorders: Biological, Clinical, and Nonclinical Factors—An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement

Health Disparities in Endocrine Disorders: Biological, Clinical, and Nonclinical Factors—An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement

Cortical bone histomorphology of known‐age skeletons from the Kirsten collection, Stellenbosch university, South Africa

Measurement of Hip Geometry—Technical Background

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