Ethnic/Racial Disparity in Mortality from COVID-19: Data for the Year 2020 in Brazil

Santos, Marina dos; Penteado, Júlia Oliveira; Brum, Rodrigo de Lima; Bonifácio, Alícia da Silva; Ramires, Paula Florêncio; Gariboti, Diuster de Franceschi; Cardoso, Ruana M S; Júnior, Flávio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva

doi:10.1007/s40980-022-00112-2

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…among blacks compared to whites within the investigated population, corroborating the findings of dos Santos et al [48], which highlighted racial…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Pedagogical insights from immune responses: analyzing Covid-19's severity through systemic immune-inflammation indexes and gene expressions

Silva,

Reis-Goes,

Gondim

et al. 2023

Cad. Pedagógico

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Following the COVID-19 pandemic, it's crucial to understand the relationship between immune responses and clinical results, which also underpins interdisciplinary educational discussions. This study goes beyond standard medical evaluation, linking clinical medicine to sociodemography, genetics, and education, emphasizing the importance of an interconnected view for a comprehensive understanding. Severe COVID-19 cases show imbalances in the immune system, highlighting the need for early and precise prognosis, given its wider sociodemographic consequences. This study aims to investigate potential associations between systemic immune-inflammation indexes, gene expression of IFNA1, IFN receptors, IL17A, and plasmatic IFN-gamma in COVID-19 patients. Our observational study recruited 67 COVID-19 patients, both mild (28) or severe (39). Data was gathered on demographics, clinical symptoms, and laboratory results. Blood tests were used to analyze gene expressions and plasma IFNG levels. Most severe cases were males (61.5%) and of the black ethnic group (87.2%), with a clear age difference compared to mild cases. Elevated levels of systemic immune-inflammation measures were seen in severe cases, with gene expressions of IFNA1 and IL17A increasing, whereas IFNAR1 was more common in mild cases. From a pedagogical standpoint, the study emphasizes the link between clinical findings, sociodemographic and genetics data, underlining its profound implications for medical education. It suggests using specific gene expressions and hematological tests as COVID-19 severity indicators and underscores the need for further research to validate and explore broader clinical and pedagogical implications.

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“…among blacks compared to whites within the investigated population, corroborating the findings of dos Santos et al [48], which highlighted racial…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Pedagogical insights from immune responses: analyzing Covid-19's severity through systemic immune-inflammation indexes and gene expressions

Silva,

Reis-Goes,

Gondim

et al. 2023

Cad. Pedagógico

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…COVID-19 was initially presented as a democratic disease. However, studies show inequalities in the incidence and mortality from COVID-19 in brazil, showing higher mortality among brown, black and indigenous people in most regions of Brazil [ 49 ] and higher incidence in the north and northeast regions [ 50 ]. This shows that coping conditions were unequal for various population groups and regions in the country, which may have influenced the health services use after covid-19 [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic inequities in specialized health services use following COVID-19 in individuals from Southern Brazil

Vieira

Rocha

Dutra

et al. 2023

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background Evidence on inequalities in the health services use is important for public policy formulation, even more so in a pandemic context. The aim of this study was to evaluate socioeconomic inequities in the specialized health use services according to health insurance and income, following COVID-19 in individuals residing in Southern Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional telephone survey with individuals aged 18 years or older diagnosed with symptomatic COVID-19 using the RT-PCR test between December 2020 and March 2021. Questions were asked about attendance at a health care facility following COVID-19, the facilities used, health insurance and income. Inequalities were assessed by the following measures: Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and Concentration Index (CIX). Adjusted analyses were performed using Poisson regression with robust variance adjustment using the Stata 16.1 statistical package. Results 2,919 people (76.4% of those eligible) were interviewed. Of these, 24.7% (95%CI 23.2; 36.3) used at least one specialized health service and 20.3% (95%CI 18.9; 21.8) had at least one consultation with specialist doctors after diagnosis of COVID-19. Individuals with health insurance were more likely to use specialized services. The probability of using specialized services was up to three times higher among the richest compared to the poorest. Conclusions There are socioeconomic inequalities in the specialized services use by individuals following COVID-19 in the far south of Brazil. It is necessary to reduce the difficulty in accessing and using specialized services and to extrapolate the logic that purchasing power transposes health needs. The strengthening of the public health system is essential to guarantee the population’s right to health.

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Ethnic-racial disparities in poisoning cases: analysis of drugs of abuse, medicines and pesticides in Brazil

da Rosa Moraes,

Florencio Ramires,

Silva da Cruz

et al. 2024

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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Ethnic/Racial Disparity in Mortality from COVID-19: Data for the Year 2020 in Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

Pedagogical insights from immune responses: analyzing Covid-19's severity through systemic immune-inflammation indexes and gene expressions

Pedagogical insights from immune responses: analyzing Covid-19's severity through systemic immune-inflammation indexes and gene expressions

Socioeconomic inequities in specialized health services use following COVID-19 in individuals from Southern Brazil

Ethnic-racial disparities in poisoning cases: analysis of drugs of abuse, medicines and pesticides in Brazil

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