Ethnic self-awareness as a function of ethnic group status, group composition, and ethnic identity orientation.

Abstract

This study found that ethnic self-awareness (i.e., the extent to which people are consciously aware of their ethnicity at any given moment) has different meanings for European Americans and Asian Americans and for Asian Americans with different ethnic identity orientations. The authors found main effects of ethnic group status and ethnic composition on ethnic self-awareness when comparing Asian Americans and European Americans. There was also an interaction effect between ethnic composition and ethnic identity orientation for Asian Americans when examining ethnic self-awareness. Findings are discussed in relation to theories that predict salience of ethnicity and to educators and practitioners who deal with ethnic minority group members. • ethnic self-awareness • ethnic identity • ethnic composition • Asian Americans

Heritage Language and Ethnic Identity: A Case Study of Korean-American College Students

“…It seems that negatively portrayed collective identity dominates individuals' identity. Many studies (Farver, Xu, Bhadha, Narang, & Liebar, 2007;Khan & Lambert, 2001;Kim-ju & Liem, 2003) show that ethnic minorities felt better about themselves when their ethnic group was 5 positively reflected by the majority. Conversely, it would be easier for ethnic minorities to maintain a strong self-ethnic identity when their collective identity is viewed favorably by the majority.…”

Projection and Mirror Effects in Cross-group Interactions: A Social Relations Model Study of Similarity Perceptions

“…One possibility is that majority and minority members leave cross-group interactions with different perceptions of similarity. For majority members, their ethnic identity may be less salient (Kim-ju & Liem, 2003;Mullen, 1991) or they may perceive more overlap between their ethnic group and the superordinate group (Devos & Banaji, 2005;Mummenday & Wenzel, 1999). Such perceptions would make it easier for majority group members to see themselves as similar to their cross-group interaction partners.…”

Conflict Management Styles: The Role of Ethnic Identity and Self-Construal among Young Male Arabs and Americans

“…Gurin, Peng, Lopez, and Nagda (1999) attribute this difference to power relationships, where the dominating group ignores other groups, and historically European Americans have been the dominant group. As a result, Americans are less inclined to reflect on their group status and membership (Kim-Ju & Liem, 2003;Leach, Snider, & Lyer, 2002). For Arabs, the salience of Arab ethnicity would be stronger in the United States, considering the growing prejudice toward Arabs in the United States (Barry, Elliot, & Evans, 2000).…”