Ethological confirmatory factor analysis of anxiety-like behaviour in the murine elevated plus-maze

Wall, Philip M.; Messier, Claude

doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(00)00229-1

Cited by 81 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…percentages of time spent on and of entries into the open arms, as well as the incidence of head-dipping behaviour. All three peptides appeared to in¯uence anxiety in a selective fashion, since neither a ected the number of entries into the closed arms of the EPM, a parameter which is loaded with locomotor activity in factorial analysis studies (Wall & Messier, 2000), even though NST-6C and N/OFQ also a ected in opposing ways the time animals spent in closed arms. Moreover, neither NST nor NST-C6 modi®ed motor performance on the rota-rod test over the full range of doses examined, including those causing peak anxiogenic-like e ects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Central injections of nocistatin or its C‐terminal hexapeptide exert anxiogenic‐like effect on behaviour of mice in the plus‐maze test

Gavioli

Rae

Calò

et al. 2002

British J Pharmacology

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1 Nocistatin (NST) antagonizes several actions of nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ), but acts on distinct receptors. As N/OFQ exerts anxiolytic-like actions in various tests, its behavioural actions in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test were compared with those of bovine NST. 2 Five minutes after i.c.v. treatment, mice were placed on the EPM for 5 min and entries into and time spent on open and closed arms were recorded alongside other parameters. 3 NST (0.1 ± 3 pmol) reduced percentages of entries into (control 39.6+3.1%, peak e ect at 1 pmol NST 8.5+2.9%) and time spent on open arms (control 30.8+2.3%, NST 2.7+1.5%). The C-terminal hexapeptide of NST (NST-C6; 0.01 ± 10 pmol) closely mimicked these actions of NST, with peak e ects at 0.1 pmol. 4 N/OFQ (1 ± 100 pmol) increased percentages of entries into (control 38.5+3.4%; peak e ect at 10 pmol N/OFQ 67.9+4.9%) and time spent on open arms (control 32.0+3.8%; N/OFQ 74.9+5.8%). Closed arm entries, an index of locomotor activity, were unchanged by all peptides. 5 E ects of NST or NST-C6, but not N/OFQ, were still detectable 15 min after injection. Behaviour of animals co-injected with NST (1 pmol) or NST-C6 (0.1 pmol) plus N/OFQ (10 pmol) was indistinguishable from that of controls. 6 These results reveal potent anxiogenic-like actions of NST and NST-C6, and con®rm the anxiolytic-like properties of N/OFQ. As NST and N/OFQ both derive from preproN/OF, anxiety may be modulated in opposing directions depending on how this precursor is processed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Central injections of nocistatin or its C‐terminal hexapeptide exert anxiogenic‐like effect on behaviour of mice in the plus‐maze test

Gavioli

Rae

Calò

et al. 2002

British J Pharmacology

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“…Entries and time spent in the closed arm of the elevated plus maze are positively correlated with anxiety, whereas the converse is true for open arm entry and time [18]. Like open arm entry, head dipping and end exploration negatively correlate with anxiety [18;19], but are considered to be more 'ethologically-derived' measures [19]. Compared to the tTA animals, Cal OE mice entered more frequently the open arms of the maze and explored them more extensively, as measured by time spent and distance traveled in the open arms (for all comparisons p<0.05, fig.…”

Section: Behavioral Analyses Of the Cal Oe Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Up-regulation of calcyon results in locomotor hyperactivity and reduced anxiety in mice

Trantham-Davidson¹,

Vazdarjanova²,

Dai³

et al. 2008

Behavioural Brain Research

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Gene linkage and association studies have implicated the region of chromosome 10q containing the calcyon locus with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia susceptibility. In addition, levels of calcyon protein and transcripts are also significantly increased in postmortem tissue from schizophrenic brains. But whether altered calcyon expression might be part of the disease etiology or merely a patho-physiological side effect is not known. To begin to address this issue, we generated a transgenic mouse line (Cal OE ) using the human calcyon cDNA in which calcyon expression is up-regulated in a number of forebrain structures including the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, striatum, and amygdala. Compared to control littermates, the Cal OE mice display a range of abnormal behaviors including spontaneous hyperactivity, reduced anxiety, and/or impaired restraint (harm avoidance) that would indicate that calcyon up-regulation leads to deficits in control over behavioral output.

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“…LE rats, whose activity in the EB was almost non-existent, remained less active but did show some exploratory/locomotor activity, therefore providing support for the hypothesis that both test paradigms (EB and EPM) measure distinctive, but overlapping, sets of behavioural responses, where the EPM is an instrument optimised towards measuring behaviours related to anxiety and risk assessment [48,49] . Approach avoidance tendencies are more biased towards avoidance in the EPM, but the behaviour is structured within similar confines, and therefore HE and LE rats still differ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Activating Effects of Chronic Variable Stress in Rats with Different Exploratory Activity: Association with Dopamine D1 Receptor Function in Nucleus Accumbens

Matrov¹,

Vonk

Herm

et al. 2011

Neuropsychobiology

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Background/Aims: Rats display persistent behavioural phenotypes of low (LE) versus high (HE) exploratory activity in the exploration box paradigm. LE rats that prefer passive coping strategies show differential dopaminergic activity in the striatum. The main hypothesis of this study was that chronic variable stress (CVS) would have a higher impact on LE rats. Methods: Animals were submitted to a CVS regimen lasting 32 days that was followed by a behavioural test battery. The functional states of their dopamine D₁ and D₂ receptors were measured in the striatum and nucleus accumbens (NAcc). Cerebral oxidative metabolism was assessed via cytochrome c oxidase histochemistry in 65 brain regions. Results: CVS decreased weight gain, to a higher extent in LE rats, and lowered the sucrose preference after the first week, but habituation to the anhedonic effect had developed by the end of the experiment. CVS did not change the behavioural phenotypes initially assigned. No effect of stress on D₂ receptor function was found. Chronically stressed animals exhibited higher levels of social interaction and D₁ receptor-mediated cAMP accumulation in the NAcc, but not in the striatum. CVS was associated with higher oxidative metabolism levels in the anteroventral thalamus, median raphe nuclei and central periaqueductal grey matter. These changes after stress did not depend upon the exploratory phenotype. Conclusion: This study revealed changes in brain biochemistry after habituation to CVS that might be implicated in successful adaptation to chronic stress.

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Ethological confirmatory factor analysis of anxiety-like behaviour in the murine elevated plus-maze

Cited by 81 publications

References 43 publications

Central injections of nocistatin or its C‐terminal hexapeptide exert anxiogenic‐like effect on behaviour of mice in the plus‐maze test

Central injections of nocistatin or its C‐terminal hexapeptide exert anxiogenic‐like effect on behaviour of mice in the plus‐maze test

Up-regulation of calcyon results in locomotor hyperactivity and reduced anxiety in mice

Activating Effects of Chronic Variable Stress in Rats with Different Exploratory Activity: Association with Dopamine D1 Receptor Function in Nucleus Accumbens

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