Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni Decreases Tert‐butyl Hydroperoxide‐Induced Oxidative Stress Damage in BRL‐3A Cells

Abstract

The main purposes of this study were to screen the antioxidant activities of various fractions of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni and test their hepatoprotective effects in vitro. Antioxidant assays (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and reducing power experiments) and tert-butyl hydroperoxide- (t-BHP-) induced BRL-3A oxidative damage experiments were performed in vitro. The H. citrina ethyl acetate fraction (HCEA) was determined to have strong antioxidant activity because of its high flavonoid and polyphenol content. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography- (UPLC-) photodiode array (PDA)/mass spectrometry (MS) analysis showed that the main components of the HCEA were flavonoids and caffeic acid derivatives. A total of 17 compounds were identified. HCEA also effectively protected the liver against t-BHP-induced oxidative stress injury and significantly reduced reactive oxygen (ROS) accumulation. Moreover, HCEA significantly reduced levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Further studies have shown that HCEA inhibits t-BHP-induced apoptosis by increasing B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) activity and decreasing caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity. Moreover, HCEA enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and increased the antioxidant level of glutathione (GSH) in BRL-3A cells. HCEA increased the antioxidant capacity of cells by increasing the gene expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), P38, nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2), SOD, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), which are associated with antioxidant pathways to protect against oxidative stress. In conclusion, HCEA protected BRL-3A cells against t-BHP-induced oxidative stress damage via antioxidant and antiapoptosis pathways. Therefore, H. citrina Baroni may serve as a potential hepatoprotective drug.

Pathological and Epidemiological Characterization of First Outbreak of Daylily Rust in Europe and Evaluation of Puccinia hemerocallidis Resistance in Hemerocallis Cultivars

“…1. Mean values followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Tukey test (p < 0.05) 2…”

“…; Xanthorrhoeaceae) are originated from Eastern Asia and are widely cultivated as perennial ornamentals from the tropics to their native high latitudes [1]. Besides its ornamental interest, daylily flowers, leaves and roots contain biologically active compounds that have health-enhancing properties [2,3] The genus Hemerocallis comprises 20 species, which can be clustered in five groups according to morphologic traits pertaining to the ornamental value and climatic adaptability. Such morphologic diversity, combined with the ease in crossing, led to an intense hybridization by breeders, with an estimated number of 5 million crosses over the last century [4].…”

“…1. The cultivars 'Jerry Nettle', 'Raspberries in cream' and 'Wild Cherry' showed susceptibility to rust under field conditions in the Hemerocallis population identified at Sobral de Monte Agraço 2…”

Recent Studies on Anti-Depressant Bioactive Substances in Selected Species from the Genera Hemerocallis and Gladiolus: A Systematic Review

“…For example, in terms of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, synergistic effects have been shown between polyphenol and polysaccharide fractions, especially when these compounds are used in combination with triterpenic acids. In terms of antimicrobial activity, phenolic acids have been found to enhance the effects of flavonoid sub-classes [285][286][287][288]. The issue of the synergistic antioxidant activity of natural products, including the synergistic interactions between the antioxidant components of various natural products, synergism between antioxidant components of different herbs, and synergism between synthetic antioxidants and natural products, is described in detail in the paper by Sonam and Guleria [289].…”

A Combined Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Approach to Investigate Candidate Active Components and Multitarget Mechanisms of Hemerocallis Flowers on Antidepressant Effect

“…Hemerocallis fulva L. is a perennial herb of the Liliaceae family [ 7 ], which is indigenous to Asia, and its flowers are used as ornamental flowers, as well as for food and medicine. It was first recorded in the publication Supplement to Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu Shiyi).…”