Etidronate as A Weak Chelating Agent on Root Canal Dentin: An Update Review

Bedir, Samah Samir; Mossa, Hossam; Hassan, Ahmed M.

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2017/29740.11015

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In our investigation, Dual Rinse HEDP revealed an alkaline pH, consistent with findings by other authors [20]. This alignment with the observed alkalinity of EDTA suggests a shared capacity for effective chelation [39]. However, the most important factor to note is the effect of combining HEDP and NaOCl on the pH of this mixture.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of pH and Optical Properties of Dual Rinse HEDP Irrigating Solution

Simic,

Papic,

Nikitovic

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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This study investigates the pH values and optical characteristics of Dual Rinse HEDP, either independently or combined with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and compares them to other irrigants used in endodontics. The solutions used in this study were commercially acquired and prepared, followed by pH measurements using a pH meter and spectral analysis using UV/Vis spectrophotometry in specified wavelengths of the ultraviolet (UV) C (190–280 nm), UVB (281–315 nm), UVA (316–400 nm), visible light (VL) (401–780 nm), and near-infrared (NIR) spectra (781–1100 nm). The pH analysis revealed alkaline values for NaOCl, EDTA, Dual Rinse HEDP, and the HEDP + NaOCl combination, an acidic value for citric acid, and nearly neutral values for chlorhexidine and distilled water. Spectral analysis revealed the notable absorption characteristics of endodontic irrigants. In the UV range, all solutions exhibited higher absorption values to water (p < 0.05), with Dual Rinse HEDP resembling EDTA and citric acid, and HEDP + NaOCl resembling NaOCl. The NIR region highlights absorption peaks around 975 nm for all solutions, including NaOCl and Dual Rinse HEDP + NaOCl, suggesting potential applications in laser-activated irrigation. This study provides comprehensive insights into the pH and optical features of endodontic irrigants, emphasizing their potential roles in enhancing disinfection strategies and optimizing laser-activated irrigation protocols.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of pH and Optical Properties of Dual Rinse HEDP Irrigating Solution

Simic,

Papic,

Nikitovic

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…It inhibits matrix metalloproteinase enzyme, enhances periodontal healing in replanted avulsed teeth and periodontal therapies (4) . It has a low acidic pH (2.2); therefore, it chelates with calcium ions with mild demineralization effect which enhances connective tissue healing (5) Etidronic acid (1-hydroxyethane 1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) is a weak chelator that that has the advantage of preserving the antimicrobial and proteolytic action of sodium hypochlorite, thus it was recommended to use this mixture for root canal irrigation for disinfection of the root canal system and smear layer removal throughout the preparation procedure instead of a final rinse (6,7) . Silver citrate nanoparticles is recently used as an endodontic irrigant for the effective antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles combined with the chelating action of citrate rendering this combination an anti-biofilm and smear layer removal irrigant (8,9) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex vivo study of the effect of different antimicrobial solutions on apical extra-radicular biofilm: A CLSM study

Abdelsalam

Hamdy

2023

Egyptian Dental Journal

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Introduction:The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-biofilm effect of silver citrate nanoparticles, Doxycycline, and a mixture of sodium hypochlorite-Etidronic acid on extra-radicular biofilm on the most apical part of the root of extracted teeth with persistent apical periodontitis. Methods:The apical 2mm of the distal root of thirty freshly extracted mandibular teeth with persistent apical periodontitis was resected, the presence of mature extraradicular biofilm was confirmed with CLSM then samples were treated for 5 minutes with an antimicrobial solution according to their random distribution into three groups. Group I: Silver citrate nanoparticles, Group II: Doxycycline, and Group III: Mixture of 1% NaOCl with Etidronic acid (HEBP), then samples were scanned with CLSM to detect live/dead bacteria in the bacterial biofilm.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between mean percentages of dead bacteria in the three groups (P-value = 0.597), experimental root end sections showed statistically significantly lower mean percentage of live bacteria than control root end sections (P-value <0.001). Conclusions:The applied antimicrobial solutions in the diluted concentration and limited time of application failed to eradicate the mature extraradicular biofilm, therefore further investigations are needed to conclude a biocompatible chemical or mechanical method to be used during periradicular surgery for elimination of extra-radicular biofilm.Clinical implications: Extra-radicular biofilm was present on the majority of the collected samples with persistent apical periodontitis; therefore, disinfection of the root end surface is a must when resection of the whole infected apical part of the root is not feasible.

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“…Despite this, NaOCl presents as a nonspecific oxidizing and proteolytic agent, selectively targeting the organic portion of the created smear layer and inevitably dissolving uncovered and mineral‐shielded dentinal collagen 4 . Thus, effective smear layer removal also requires sequential or combined use of a demineralizing agent that acts on its inorganic component, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid (CA) and etidronic acid (HEDP) 1,5,6 . These strong (EDTA and CA) and weak (HEDP) chelators render surface decalcification by means of calcium chelation 5,7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Thus, effective smear layer removal also requires sequential or combined use of a demineralizing agent that acts on its inorganic component, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid (CA) and etidronic acid (HEDP). 1,5,6 These strong (EDTA and CA) and weak (HEDP) chelators render surface decalcification by means of calcium chelation. 5,7 Despite crucial for the fulfillment of endodontic treatment goals, deleterious effects of recommended irrigation protocols on root dentin are well-described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of endodontic irrigation solutions on structural, chemical, and mechanical properties of coronal dentin: A scoping review

Marques,

Falacho,

Santos

et al. 2023

J Esthet Restor Dent

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ObjectiveThis review aims to assess structural, chemical, and mechanical properties of coronal dentin after endodontic irrigation.Materials and MethodsReporting followed the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. An electronic search was carried out in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Records filtered by language and published up to November 4, 2022 were independently screened by two researchers. Studies evaluating structural, chemical, or mechanical properties of human permanent coronal dentin after irrigation within the scope of nonsurgical root canal treatment were included. Data were extracted regarding study type, sample description and size, experimental groups, outcome, evaluation method, and main findings.ResultsFrom the initial 1916 studies, and by adding 2 cross‐references, 11 in vitro studies were included. Seven studies provide ultrastructural and/or chemical characterization, and six assessed microhardness and/or flexural strength. One percent to 8% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 1%–17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were the most commonly tested solutions, with contact times of 2–240 min (NaOCl) and 1–1440 min (EDTA) being evaluated.ConclusionsOverall, the literature is consensual regarding the inevitable impact of NaOCl and chelating agents on coronal dentin, with both deproteinizing and decalcifying effects being concentration‐ and time‐dependent. The alteration of mechanical parameters further confirmed the surface and subsurface ultrastructural and chemical changes.Clinical SignificanceEndodontic treatment success highly depends on restorative sealing. Understanding the result of exposing coronal dentin, the main substrate for bonding, to irrigants' action is crucial. The deproteinizing and decalcifying effects of NaOCl and chelating agents are both concentration‐ and time‐dependent, causing surface and subsurface ultrastructural, chemical, and mechanical alterations.

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Etidronate as A Weak Chelating Agent on Root Canal Dentin: An Update Review

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of pH and Optical Properties of Dual Rinse HEDP Irrigating Solution

Evaluation of pH and Optical Properties of Dual Rinse HEDP Irrigating Solution

Ex vivo study of the effect of different antimicrobial solutions on apical extra-radicular biofilm: A CLSM study

Effects of endodontic irrigation solutions on structural, chemical, and mechanical properties of coronal dentin: A scoping review

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