Etiological epidemiology of viral diarrhea on the basis of sentinel surveillance in children younger than 5 years in Gansu, northwest China, 2009-2013

Abstract

To explore the etiological spectrum of diarrhea and its epidemiological characteristics in diarrhea symptoms surveillance cases younger than 5 years from 2009 to 2013 in Gansu province, northwest China. Systematic diarrhea symptoms surveillance were conducted in 27 sentinel sites in Gansu province and outpatients with three or more loose, watery, or sticky pus stools per day were defined as surveillance cases. All stool specimens were tested for Rotavirus, Human calicivirus, Adenovirus, and Astrovirus. Totally, 1,119 cases (51.54%) were identified as any enteric virus. The average isolation rate of Rotavirus was 51.13%, Astrovirus was 10.84%, Adenovirus was 6.94%, and Human calicivirus was 6.60% (P < 0.01). Rotavirus was identified with the highest frequency among these enteric pathogens except in 2011, with a notable downward trend over time (P < 0.01). Rotavirus A was the most proportion in rotavirus, G3P[8] and G9P[8] were the most common combination. Rotavirus mixed Human calicivirus infections was the most common mixed infected patterns. Viral-positive rate was higher among children aged group of 0-12 and 13-24 months (P < 0.01, respectively). The isolation rates of four enteric viral pathogens showed a similar distinct seasonal variation with a higher rate in spring, autumn, and winter months. Rotavirus was the major epidemiological viral pathogen in diarrhea symptom surveillance cases in Gansu province, northwest China, during period 2009-2013. Seasonal and age-related variations were observed in enteric viral pathogen isolation rate. The comprehensive and continuous surveillance is needed to identify the prevalence of different enteric viral pathogens.

Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Enteric Viruses in Children with Diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

“…In this study, RVA was the most common virus detected and had the strongest association with disease. This finding was reported in several studies and RVA was mostly associated in severe diarrhea cases and hospitalized young children [ 37 , 40 ]. The prevalence of RVA in the present study is higher than in a previous study conducted in Burkina Faso, where RVA was detected in 33.8% of the patients [ 16 ].…”

Akut viral gastroenteritlerde oral çinko kullanımının hastalığın semptomları ve süresine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi

“…More than one pathogenic agent can be detected in acute gastroenteritis. Although bacteria and viruses can cause disease together, the most common is the coexisting of different viruses [3][4][5]11]. In our study, 36.84% (n: 154) of children with acute gastroenteritis were found to be related to viral agents accordance with the literature.…”

“…Acute viral gastroenteritis is the second most common cause of high morbidity and mortality in childhood. Viral gastroenteritis is the most common cause of severe diarrhea and associated hospitalizations especially in toddlers [1][2][3]. Acute diarrhea is more common with viral causes, whereas chronic or persistent diarrhea and dysentery are more common with non-viral agents.…”

“…It causes bloodless and mucusless diarrhea, accompanied by vomiting and fever, especially in the spring and last spring. It can cause severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, metabolic acidosis and even convulsions due to severy vomiting and watery diarrhea [1,2,3,5]. Therefore, the delays in diagnosis and treatment cause morbidity, mortality and serious economic losses [5,6].…”

Molecular characterization of classic human astrovirus in eastern China, as revealed by environmental sewage surveillance

“…In China, classic HAstVs have been detected at the rate of 11% in children younger than 5 years (Liu et al . ). However, data on HAstV clinical and environmental surveillance are missing in China.…”